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Northwest Ports Clean AirStrategy 2013 Update (DRAFT) | June 2013 DRAFT ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Port of Seattle, Port of Tacoma, and Port Metro Vancouver jointly developed the Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy2013 Update with contributions from partner agencies. The ports would like to thank the following agencies for their contributions: Environment Canada Metro Vancouver Puget Sound Clean Air Agency United State Environmental Protection Agency Washington State Department of Ecology Stephanie Jones Stebbins Jason Jordan Ronan Chester 206.787.3818 DRAFT 253.830.5321 604.665.9311 jonesstebbins.s@portseattle.org jjordan@portoftacoma.com ronan.chester@portmetrovancouver.com www.portseattle.org www.portoftacoma.com www.portmetrovancouver.com Richard Holt Dan Brown Frank Van Haren 604.666.6552 503.326.6832 3360.407.6870 richard.holt@ec.gc.ca brown.dan@epa.gov fvan461@ecy.wa.gov www.ec.gc.ca www.epa.gov www.ecy.wa.gov Metro Vancouver Shelina Sidi Andrew Green 604.436.6750 206.689.4053 shelina.sidi@metrovancouver.org andrewg@pscleanair.org www.metrovancouver.org www.pscleanair.org DRAFT Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Update June 2013 ii CONTENTS Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... ii Executive Summary......................................................................................................................1 Strategy Overview..........................................................................................................................5 Airshed Emission-Reduction Goals................................................................................................8 Performance Targets By Sector....................................................................................................10 1. Ocean-Going Vessels.........................................................................................................12 2. Harbor Vessels...................................................................................................................15 3. Cargo-Handling Equipment................................................................................................17 4. Trucks.................................................................................................................................19 5. Locomotives and Rail Transport.........................................................................................21 6. Port Administration.............................................................................................................23 Pilot Studies and Demonstration Projects....................................................................................25 Performance Reporting................................................................................................................27 Conclusions and Next Steps........................................................................................................28 Glossary.......................................................................................................................................29 Appendix A. Port Emissions Inventories.......................................................................................32 Appendix B. Air Emission Regulations in U.S. and Canada.........................................................37 Tables Table 1. Summary of Actions and Performance Targets by Sector for 2015 and 2020...................2 Table 2. Emission-Reduction Goals for DPM and GHGs by 2015 and 2020..................................9 Table 3. Actions and Performance Targets for Ocean-Going Vessels...........................................14 Table 4. Actions and Performance Targets for Harbor Vessels.....................................................16 Table 5. Actions and Performance Targets for Cargo-Handling Equipment..................................18 Table 6. Actions and Performance Targets for Trucks...................................................................20 Table 7. Actions and Performance Targets for Locomotives and Rail Transport...........................22 Table 8. Actions and Performance Targets for Port Administration, for ........................................24 Table A-1. Port of Seattle2011 Emissions Inventory for Puget Sound Airshed (tons)................33 Table A-2. Port of SeattleChanges in Port Airshed Emissions from 2005 to 2011.....................33 Table A-3. Port of Tacoma2011 Emissions Inventory for Puget Sound Airshed (tons)...............34 Table A-4. Port of TacomaChanges in Port Airshed Emissions from 2005 to 2011....................34 Table A-5. Port Metro Vancouver2010 Emissions Estimates for Lower Fraser Valley Airshed .....36 Table B-1. Comparison of Air Emission Regulations in the United States and Canada................37 DRAFT Figures Figure 1. Georgia Basin-Puget Sound Airshed Boundaries...........................................................6 Figure 2. Port-Related DPM and GHG Emissions by Sector from the Three Ports, 20102011....... 11 Figure A-1. Puget Sound Maritime Emissions Inventory Boundaries...........................................32 Figure A-2. Port Metro VancouverEmissions Inventory Boundaries.........................................35 iii DRAFT Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Update June 2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Port of Seattle, Port of Tacoma, and Port Metro Vancouver are continuing their collaborative efforts on the Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy to reduce emissions from shipping and port operations in the Georgia BasinPuget Sound airshed. In developing and implementing the 2007 Strategy and this 2013 Strategy Update, the three ports partnered with government agencies including: Environment Canada and Metro Vancouver in Canada, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington State Department of Ecology, and Puget Sound Clean Air Agency in the United States. Collectively, the ports and government agencies are referred to as the Strategy partners. The voluntary actions in this Strategy Update are intended to complement regulations and, together with the regulations, achieve the following emission reductions relative to a 2005 baseline: Reduce diesel particulate matter (DPM) emissions per ton of cargo by 75% by 2015 and 80% by 2020, to decrease immediate and long-term health effects on adjacent communities. Reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per ton of cargo by 10% by 2015 and 15% by 2020, to limit contributions to climate change and reduce associated environmental, health, and economic impacts. These goals account for changing levels of port activity and focus on increasing efficiency per ton of cargo moved through the ports. Since adopting the first Strategy in 2007, the Strategy partners have evaluated data and lessons learned from implementation efforts, advances in emission-reduction technology, and changes in the regulatory landscape. This experience to date informs the Strategy Update and its key elements: Goals for reducing port-related emissions in the Georgia BasinPuget Sound airshed. Performance targets for 2015 and 2020 for reducing emissions in each covered sector. Pilot studies and demonstration projects to assess how new emission-reduction technologies can help meet the emission-reduction goals. The ports developed inventories of port-related air emissions in 2005 and updated their emissions inventories in 2010 and 2011. The recent inventories show considerable progress in reducing emissions since 2005, and they provide data to identify areas for continued DRAFT improvement going forward. The emissions inventories and the Strategy Update cover the following sectors of port-related operations: 1. Ocean-going vessels 2. Harbor vessels 3. Cargo-handling equipment 1 DRAFT Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Update June 2013 4. Trucks 5. Locomotives and rail transport 6. Port administration Table 1 summarizes the actions and performance targets in each sector of the Strategy Update as presented in later chapters. Together, these performance targets are designed to achieve the airshed emission-reduction goals by 2015 and 2020. The Strategy partners also committed to conducting pilot studies and demonstration projects to advance innovative approaches to reduce emissions from these sectors. Table 1. Summary of Actions and Performance Targets by Sector for 2015 and 2020 Reduces Sectors and Actions 2015 Targets 2020 Targets DPM GHG Ocean-Going Vessels OGV-1 Vessels surpass Emission Control Area (ECA) Early compliance Ports track requirements with 2015 ECA number of 0.1% fuel- vessels with Tier sulfur level (or 3 marine engines, equivalent) while shore power use, hotelling before cleaner fuel, or 2015 other emissionreduction technologies OGV-2 Ports and vessels participate in port-designed Ports and 10% of Ports and 40% of or third-party certification programs that vessel calls vessel calls promote continuous improvement (such as Environmental Ship Index, Green Marine, Clean Cargo Working Group, or others) Harbor Vessels Harbor-1 Strategy partners conduct annual outreach Partners conduct Partners conduct to port-related harbor vessel companies outreach and 50% outreach and 90% and recognize best practices and engine of harbor vessel of harbor vessel upgrades companies report companies report best practices and best practices and engine upgrades engine upgrades Harbor-2 DRAFT Ports and harbor vessels participate in port- Ports and 10% of Ports and 40% of designed or third-party certification programs harbor vessels harbor vessels that promote continuous improvement (such as Environmental Ship Index, Green Marine, Clean Cargo Working Group, or others) Continued > DRAFT Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Update June 2013 2 Table 1. Summary of Actions and Performance Targets by Sector for 2015 and 2020 (continued) Reduces Sectors and Actions 2015 Targets 2020 Targets DPM GHG Cargo-Handling Equipment CHE-1 CHE meets Tier 4 interim (T4i) emission 50% of 80% of standards or equivalent equipment equipment CHE-2 Ports and terminals have fuel-efficiency plans Ports and 50% of Ports and 100% in place that promote continuous improvement terminals of terminals Trucks Truck-1 Trucks meet or surpass U.S. EPA emission 80% of trucks 100% of trucks standards or equivalent for model year 2007 (by 2017) Truck-2 Ports, terminals, and trucks have fuel- Ports Ports, terminals, efficiency plans in place that promote and 50% of continuous improvement trucks Locomotives Rail-1 Switcher locomotive owners/operators participate in a fuel-efficiency program operators operators institute a achieve program performance objectives of chosen program Rail-2 Switcher locomotive owners/operators 10% of 20% of upgrade or replace unregulated engines unregulated unregulated (engine replacements will be Tier 2 or better) DRAFT100% of owners/100% of owners/ locomotive locomotive engines engines Continued > 3 DRAFT Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Update June 2013 Table 1. Summary of Actions and Performance Targets by Sector for 2015 and 2020 (continued) Reduces Sectors and Actions 2015 Targets 2020 Targets DPM GHG Port Administration Admin-1 Ports own and operate cleaner vehicles and Ports report Ports increase equipment and have fuel-efficiency plans in use of cleaner use of cleaner place that promote continuous improvement vehicles and vehicles and equipment and equipment other relevant information Admin-2 Ports apply clean construction standards Ports institute Ports apply to engines used on port-led construction clean clean projects (such as American Association of construction construction Port Authorities, U.S. EPA Best Practices for best practices for best practices for Clean Diesel Construction, or equivalent best port-led projects, port-led projects, management practices) including idle- including idle reduction and Tier reduction and Tier requirements requirements Admin-3 Ports facilitate energy studies and Each port Each port conservation projects at port-operated and/or conducts 3 completes tenant facilities to identify and address energy energy studies 3 energy conservation opportunities in building systems, conservation operations, and yard lighting DRAFT2 engine emission4 engine emission projects DRAFT Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy Update June 2013 4
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