6a finaldraftplan
LOWER DUWAMISH RIVER HABITAT RESTORATION PLAN AN INVENTORY OF PORT OF SEATTLE PROPERTIES FINAL DRAFT. JANUARY 13, 2009 P R EppA R E D B Y Seaport Planning Group LOWER DUWAMISH RIVER HABITAT RESTORATION PLAN AN INVENTORY OF PORT OF SEATTLE PROPERTIES FINAL DRAFT. JANUARY 13, 2009 P R EppA R E D B Y Seaport Planning Group AAcknowledgements Port of Seattle Commissioners BBill BBryant John Creighton Patricia DDavis Lloyd Hara Gael Tarleton Executive Tay YYoshitani, Chief EExecutive Officer Staff Joseph Gellings, AAICP, Project Manager George BBlomberg, Senior EEnvironmental Program Manager Table of Contents 1 Introduction 1 Purpose and Need 2 EExisting Habitat RRestoration Projects 3 Natural History 8 Organization of the Plan 11 Other Lower DDuwamish RRiver Planning EEfforts 12 2 Restoration Policy Guidance 15 General Habitat Planning 16 Working Waterfront 17 3 Habitat Restoration Typologies 19 Shoreline Zones and Habitats 20 Typologies 24 4 Restoration Constraints & Opportunities 27 Project-Wide Overview 29 Section 1, North 31 Section 2, North/Central 35 Section 3, South/Central 41 Section 4, South 49 5 Implementation Discussion 53 Implementation Scenarios 54 Coordination with Other Governments and Property Owners 54 Monitoring and Tracking RRecommendations 55 RRecommendations and Next Steps 55 6 References 59 7 Appendices 61 AAppendix 1: DDuwamish RRestoration Notes 61 AAppendix 2: Workshop Meeting Notes 81 AAppendix 3: AAdjacent Parcel Ownership Maps 87 List of Figures Figure 1 Project AArea 6 Figure 2 DDuwamish RRiver EEstuary, 1854 8 Figure 3 Westerly Perspective of the Spokane Street Corridor in 1898 9 Figure 4 Past and Present DDuwamish RRiver Shorelines Juxtaposed 9 Figure 5 Westerly Perspective of the Spokane Street Corridor in 1998 9 Figure 6 RRestoration Opportunity Site Overview 28 Figure 7 Section 1 RRestoration Opportunity Sites 30 Figure 8 Section 2 RRestoration Opportunity Sites 34 Figure 9 Section 3 RRestoration Opportunity Sites 40 Figure 10 Section 4 RRestoration Opportunity Sites 48 Figure 11 Potential Habitat Projects in Harbor Island AArea 56 Aerial view of the northern portion of the Lower Duwamish River waterway 1 Introduction Project area map: Lower Duwamish Restoration Plan area extends from Turning Basin Number 3 in the south to Harbor Island in the north The objective of the Lower DDuwamish RRiver Habitat RRestoration Plan is to evaluate estuarine restoration opportunities in the DDuwamish Waterway and to prepare a planning framework for shoreline and aquatic area restoration coincident with continuing marine commerce and industrial use in the DDuwamish Waterway. The plan provides an inventory of potential habitat restoration opportunities on Port of Seattle-owned property and guidance for future implementation efforts. The intent of this RRestoration Plan is to develop a habitat restoration framework, demonstrating compatibility with existing and future marine industrial uses and activities in the lower DDuwamish RRiver. 2 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn The downstream reach of the river, extending five miles Purpose and Need from Turning BBasin Number Three to south EElliott BBay, at the south end of Harbor Island, is referred to as the DDuwamish The Lower DDuwamish RRestoration Plan identifies Waterway, historically known as Commercial Waterway objectives and opportunities for habitat restoration on Number One. The term DDuwamish Waterway refers to its Port-owned properties along the river. navigability for deep draft ships, which has been a defining trait since the river was straightened and dredged in 1911. Today the Waterway maintains a rich mix of different types Port Ownership and Leadership of water-dependent industrial uses and plays an important role to nearby residents and to tribal treaty fishing. The Port's vision is to become the cleanest, greenest, most energy efficient Port in the nation. AAs a major landowner The river also provides a sense of place and is a key feature in the Lower DDuwamish RRiver, the Port seeks to sustain of the environmental setting for the neighborhoods located and enhance both the natural environment and the water along its banks, particularly South Park and Georgetown. dependent businesses located in this area. In addition to owning 212 acres of landward properties adjacent to the AA major issue that is presently facing DDuwamish Waterway Waterway, the Port of Seattle is the successor to Commercial stakeholders is the resolution of the federal Superfund Waterway DDistrict Number 1, which acquired a 500-foot-wide process. The entire Waterway was designated as a swath of property to create the Waterway beginning in 1911. Superfund site in 2001. AAs one of its primary motivations This former Waterway DDistrict property now constitutes for creating this plan, the Port of Seattle believes that the much of the bed of the Waterway as well as numerous Superfund process can be resolved without diminishing the narrow "ribbon parcels" of land adjacent to the water (Figure vitality of maritime industry on the Waterway. 1). These ribbon parcels cover more than 30 additional acres. The Port's ability to make use of these properties allows DDevelopment of the Lower DDuwamish Habitat Plan began the Port to facilitate habitat restoration efforts at various in March 2008 by gathering data and information from sites along the Lower DDuwamish RRiver. This Plan identifies a variety of sources, including the City of Seattle, the potential restoration sites on various Port properties along DDepartment of EEcology and local area businesses and the Waterway and discusses areas for collaboration with community groups. Port-owned properties and other adjacent property owners. The restoration projects identified properties located adjacent to Commercial Waterway in this plan were developed with public input, a review of Number 1 were mapped to identify existing business and surrounding conditions and existing public policy. However, development patterns. From this, the Waterway was divided it is recognized that such conditions can change in the future into four sections, as shown in Figure 1. AA discussion of with implications for the priority level or viability of each of different river mile numbering systems is included in the these projects. RReferences section: EEstuary environments like the Lower DDuwamish RRiver play a North from south Harbor Island upstream to unique role in the natural systems of a watershed. BBecause approximately river mile 1.3, of the Puget Sound regional salmon recovery effort, a great deal of research has been conducted on ecosystems North Central from river mile 1.3 upstream past the First within the Green/DDuwamish watershed and the DDuwamish AAvenue BBridge corridor to river mile 2.5, RRiver occupies a link in the chain of habitats. AA thorough discussion of the role of estuarian habitat can be found in South Central from river mile 2.5 upstream past the 16th the report, "Habitat Limiting Factors and RReconnaissance AAvenue (South Park) BBridge to river mile 3.8, at Terminal 117 AAssessment RReport - Green/DDuwamish and Central Puget in the south, and Sound Watersheds (WRRIAA9 and VVashon Island)," (Kerwin and Johnson, 2000). South from Terminal 117 south to Turning BBasin Number 3, river mile 4.7. Note: Multiple river mile systems that have been used for the Lower Duwamish River. This plan utilizes a system that assigns River Mile DDuring a series of public meetings and workshops (described 0.0 as the southern tip of Harbor Island and continues upstream. in greater detail below) restoration needs, opportunities This system is currently used in all Lower Duwamish River Superfund- and constraints were identified within each section of the related studies. Another system that is currently in use is promulgated Waterway. The resulting set of 31 proposed habitat projects by the United States Army Corps of Engineers. That system initiates reflects a total of approximately 70 acres of new habitat. This the numbering in the West Waterway of Harbor Island resulting in translates to approximately 30,000 lineal feet of river shoreline. the south tip of Harbor Island falling at river mile 0.7. chchAptptER ononE: intintRooDUctionction 3 Existing Habitat Restoration Projects TERMINAL 105 The Port of Seattle has implemented significant The Terminal 105 restoration project was constructed environmental restoration, cleanup and habitat in 1995 at approximately river mile 0.0. The aim of the enhancement projects as part of its capital improvement project was to test how a restored estuarine habitat programs and ongoing operations and management of could be configured to fit industrial shoreline areas, Port facilities. Hundreds of thousands of tons of historically without impeding important waterway access. The side contaminated soil and sediments from upland locations channel intertidal habitat area is oriented perpendicular and marine waters have been removed by the Port as to the shoreline to provide essential environmental part of development projects. The Port has constructed attributes without foreclosing industrial access to fish and wildlife habitat restoration at seven sites in the adjacent shoreline areas. AApproximately 9,400 cubic Lower DDuwamish RRiver totaling approximately 3.5 acres. yards of previously placed fill were removed to create a These areas have served as important testing grounds 0.6 acre intertidal channel approximately 1,300 feet in for restoration techniques and will provide good models length. DDuring construction, an underground fuel tank for future restoration efforts. RRestoration efforts at both and a buried vault filled with paint cans and solvent Terminal-105 and DDiagonal AAvenue South, illustrate wastes was discovered and removed. Following grading, methods for restoring habitat pockets small habitats that the restoration site received 0.3 acres of native riparian provide refuge and feeding areas for wildlife. RRestoration trees and shrubs and more than 1,100 marsh plants. AAll efforts at Terminal 107 and TurningBBasin Number 3 site vegetation work was accomplished by community illustrate methods for restoring large habitat hubs large participants. The restoration project is illustrated at habitat areas supporting a diversity of species. EEach project low tide in the photo above. Note the extent of tidal also has elements that illustrate methods for restoring influence indicated by the wetted bank line. The site is habitat corridors narrow stretches of habitat that ensure inundated twice daily by tidal water about five feet in connectivity between habitat areas. Habitat typologies are depth. Today the site provides 210 feet of shoreline, a described further in Chapter 3. EEach of these projects is fishing pier, picnic tables and shelter and a launch for described in greater detail below. hand-carried boats. Future fish and wildlife habitat restoration in the DDuwamish Waterway will benefit from coordination and partnership agreements between local, state, and federal participants. Past habitat restoration work on port property at Terminal 105, Terminal 107, and Turning BBasin Number Three has been instigated with policy and funding assistance from the AArmy Corps of EEngineers, UU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and UU.S. EEnvironmental Protection AAgency. Previous habitat demonstration restoration projects at these sites, in collaboration with federal agencies, led the way for subsequent substantial aquatic habitat improvements and, in each case, provided opportunities for citizen participation in work to establish and sustain marsh and riparian vegetation. Locations throughout the DDuwamish Waterway, particularly at habitat "hub" and "pocket" sites described in the present plan, are candidates for similar and expanded collaborative future restoration actions. Several opportunities for collaboration may involve the City Existing restoration at terminal 105 of Seattle and the Port. Such cooperative work would also benefit from including citizens and community groups as project partners and co-stewards. 4 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn DIAGONAL AVENUE SOUTH PUBLIC ACCESS/ commercial and residential structures, including 4,500 TERMINAL 108 tons of concrete debris. The Port also constructed 0.3 acres of intertidal habitat at a former auto wrecking yard Located at river mile 0.6, the Terminal 108 site consists located on the south margin of the site through removal of approximately 1.2 acres of combined public shoreline of 5,500 tons of fill.AA pproximately 20,000 square feet of access and intertidal fish and wildlife habitat. The Port marsh area was also restored, demonstrating successful excavated approximately 0.6 acres of existing filled establishment of marsh vegetation in an aquatic area upland area in 1988 to create a 0.4 acre intertidal habitat that was formerly absent of emergent vegetation. restoration site, surrounded with approximately 0.2 acres Currently the Terminal 107 public shoreline access site of native riparian vegetation. This restoration project includes approximately 1,100 linear feet of shoreline and served as compensation for construction of a new 1,400 linear feet of pathways, with shoreline viewing container cargo pier in the EEast Waterway. The restored areas. The north end of the terminal is adjacent to a 1.8 intertidal mud/sand substrate and emergent and acre habitat restoration area, Herring's House, which was riparian vegetation at Terminal 108 offset the disruption constructed in 2001 by the City of Seattle. of approximately 0.4 acres of low intertidal and shallow subtidal industrial bulkhead area in the EEast Waterway. The restored site produces seven to nine times more invertebrate food prey items, essential to juvenile migratory fish, than the site altered by the cargo pier construction. In addition, the restored fish and wildlife habitat area is surrounded by public use improvements, allowing citizens to benefit from the restored riparian area, which replaced a formerly paved industrial area. Existing restoration at terminal 107 PORTLAND STREET The Port constructed 17,000 square feet of public shoreline access northeast of the South Portland Street/ Existing restoration at terminal 108 EEighth AAvenue South intersection in the summer of 2008. The site included approximately 345 linear feet of eroding, rubble-filled bank line prior to regrading. TERMINAL 107 The finished site includes an upland public use area with seating, tables and steps to the water line. UUpland Located along the west margin of one of the two improvements are complemented by marsh vegetation, historic discharge channels for the DDuwamish RRiver, the native riparian vegetation and large woody debris, Terminal 107 site represents one of the least disturbed demonstrating application of non-structural shoreline shoreline areas in the present DDuwamish Waterway. stabilization techniques. The downstream, (north) end of Completed in 2000, the Port improved approximately the recently completed EEight AAvenue/South Park public 7.2 acres of upland area by removing previous industrial, shoreline access site includes additional opportunity chchAptptER ononE: intintRooDUctionction 5 for fish and wildlife habitat restoration. The port is were established. Intertidal marsh plantings and native working with the Seattle DDepartment of Transportation riparian shrubs and trees were well developed at the and Seattle Public UUtilities, using funds provided by the restoration site three years following completion of Washington DDepartment of Transportation, to plan and excavation and grading. Note the fence structures in design approximately 9000 square feet of marsh and the intertidal area. Once mature, the marsh plants will riparian restoration area. This restoration opportunity withstand waterfowl predation. combines public right-of-way in South RRiverside DDrive with port-owned bank line and would provide It is important to note that Turning BBasin Number Three important fish and wildlife habitat as well as a landscape has also received important fish and wildlife habitat complement to the upstream, adjacent existing public restoration work in recent years sponsored by federal shoreline use area. agencies, natural resource trustees, King County, and the City of Seattle. Hamm Creek formerly discharged to the DDuwamish Waterway through a piped storm drain outfall, near river mile 4.5. In 2000, Federal agencies and resource trustees, in partnership with King County and the City of Seattle, created an open stream corridor to re-route Hamm Creek to the northwest margin of Turning BBasin Number Three, creating approximately seven acres of fresh water stream channel, surrounded by dense native riparian vegetation plantings. In 2005, federal agencies and trustees accomplished approximately one acre of habitat restoration at the southwest corner of the turning basin, including removal of a creosote piling dock and derelict structures and installing approximately 15,000 square feet of marsh and riparian vegetation. In 2007, the City of Seattle added to the restored area in the southwest corner of Turning BBasin Number Three, successfully removing approximately 0.4 acres of previously placed fill and Existing restoration at Portland Street stabilizing approximately 400 linear feet of bank line with large woody debris and riparian plantings, TURNING BASIN NUMBER 3 complemented by removal of invasive plants in approximately 2.1 acres adjacent to the shoreline site, RRestoration of aquatic habitat functions at Turning and replanting the cleared area with native vegetation to BBasin Number 3 began with a 0.4-acre demonstration establish an upland buffer area. site in 1996 and continued with a 1.6-acre habitat compensation project in 1999. The first step in restoring the habitat was to remove derelict vessels that had been abandoned at the upstream end of the navigation channel over a period of decades. The later project included excavation of 33,000 tons of industrial fill to create intertidal mud/sand flat and emergent plantings in former upland area. AApproximately 0.3 acres of native riparian vegetation and approximately 0.4 acres of emergent plants were installed. The entire site planting was accomplished by volunteers, students and job trainees. Initial marsh plantings disappeared entirely within six weeks of installation, due to feeding by Canada geese. When replanted it was necessary to fence the new plantings to prevent grazing until the plantings Existing Restoration at turning basin number 3 6 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn RIVER MILE 0.0 1 RIVER MILE 1.0 WEST MARGINAL WAY SW I-5 S MICHIGAN ST 2 RIVER MILE 2.0 1ST AVE S BRIDGE RIVER MILE 3.0 EAST MARGINAL WAY S KING COUNTY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT SR 509 3 SOUTH PARK BRIDGE RIVER MILE 4.0 4 SR 99 TURNING BASIN NUMBER 3 RIVER MILE 5.0 Legend Adjacent Parcels Commercial Waterway #1 Port of Seattle Owned N Port Owned Properties Not to Scale FIGURE 1. thethe entireentire prprojeectt areaarea ssubbdiiviideed intinto fourr wateraterwaay sesectitionsns chchAptptER ononE: intintRooDUctionction 7 Federal Law Context The Lower DDuwamish RRiver has been subject to contamination from a wide variety of sources, including industrial activities, sewage discharges and stormwater runoff. AAs stated earlier, in 2001 the Waterway was added to the EEnvironmental Protection AAgency (EEPAA) list of Superfund cleanup sites. Superfund cleanups involve multiple steps to identify and address risks to human health and the environment from chemical contamination, culminating in site remediation by either liable parties or EEPAA. In addition to the cleanup of contamination, the Superfund law establishes liability for damages to natural resources. This portion of the Superfund program is implemented by the Natural RResource Trustees, which for the Lower DDuwamish RRiver include the National Oceanic WWater dependent business are vital to a healthy regional economy and AAtmospheric AAdministration (NOAAAA), the UU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington State DDepartment of EEcology, Washington DDepartment of Fish and Wildlife, Suquamish Tribe presented in the plan will assist the Port in balancing key of Indians and the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe. The Trustees are elements of its primary mission, providing marine industrial empowered to assess the extent of natural resource damages infrastructure and improving environmental conditions. (NRDRD) and bring claims against responsible parties to recover The plan will also benefit city, state and federal agencies, for those damages. For the DDuwamish, the Trustees will pursue trustees, marine industrial uses and private industrial settlements giving responsible parties the option of carrying development sponsors by providing potential restoration out restoration projects themselves, or negotiating a cash-out actions for use in future determinations. settlement. This plan has been prepared to assist future decision- The Trustees are developing a DDraft RRestoration Plan and making and determinations. This plan inventories Port- Programmatic EEnvironmental Impact Statement (DDraft RRP/ owned habitat restoration potential and is intended as a PEEIS) before a full assessment of the natural resources injuries forward-looking planning resource. The plan will aid agency and determination of liability has been made. The Final RRP/ and industry participants and citizen interests, in evaluating PEEIS will provide a framework for guiding the selection of the context of habitat restoration in the DDuwamish RRiver restoration projects for NRDARDA settlements according to and to formulate a more comprehensive approach to priorities the Trustees have established. habitat restoration. The plan notes the potential for connecting numerous restoration actions at a variety of In addition to the likelihood that estuarine habitat restoration scales, with the goal of achieving greater river habitat would be needed for NRDRD purposes, habitat restoration quality and continuity. capability is often needed as mitigation for development projects affecting aquatic resources. EExisting local, state and Currently the remediation (cleanup) plan for the DDuwamish federal plans and decision-making requirements stipulate the Waterway is still being developed. While it is expected that need for compensation of aquatic resources lost or adversely the Waterway cleanup will generally adhere to the preferred affected by marine facility and industrial development. sequence of remediation followed by restoration, it is not too early to begin planning for restoration and the Trustees The Port anticipates the need for orderly implementation are not adverse to settling potential future NRDRD claims and of habitat restoration projects in the DDuwamish RRiver, implementing restoration projects prior to completion of meeting potential Superfund, NRDRD and development the finalDD uwamish site cleanup. In fact, the large number project mitigation needs. AAs a public entity, with ownership of river stakeholders and their varying degree of resources of substantial shoreline and aquatic area in the DDuwamish suggests that there is a benefit to confronting the planning Waterway, the Port has prepared this plan as an aid in future issues associated with habitat restoration early. habitat restoration. The habitat policies and site inventory 8 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Natural History City of Seattle and associated waterfront development The DDuwamish RRiver is the name of the lower 12 miles activities. The clearing of mature forest vegetation over (19 km) of Washington State's Green-DDuwamish RRiver large areas of the watershed and increasing amounts System. The Green RRiver mainstem is one of the most of impervious and compacted or hardened surfaces hydrologically altered large river systems in the Puget has reduced the infiltration capacity of the landscape, Sound ecosystem. In 1900 this entire estuary consisted of thereby increasing runoff rates and the magnitude and intertidal mud and sand flats, estuarine marsh, forested frequency of peak flows in the tributary streams. Figure wetland and meandering shallow river channel (see 4 combines the present urban industrial shoreline, with Figure 2). The historic estuary included approximately conditions recorded in 1854. Former intertidal and 1,450 acres of intertidal sand and mud substrate, nearly estuarine floodplain areas are identified by the dark 1,300 acres of intertidal marsh and approximately 1,450 green shading. acres of tidal swamp (or forested wetland). In addition, the meandering river channel included approximately 17 Over 97 percent of the historic estuary area has miles of riparian environment and estuarine floodplain. been filled, armored, or dredged and now the Lower The combined intertidal and estuarine floodplain DDuwamish RRiver is a highly industrial area with few habitat area was approximately 5,300 acres. Figure 3 natural habitat features (Kerwin and Nelson 2000). The illustrates the extent of intertidal area in south EElliott BBay prior to large scale industrial development. Note piling supported rail lines and vehicle access to the west portion of south EElliott BBay. AA combination of historic events has dramatically affected the hydrology of the DDuwamish/Green RRiver basin. Foremost among these events were the diversion of the White RRiver in 1906 into the Puyallup RRiver for flood control purposes, followed in 1916 by diversion of the Cedar/BBlack RRiver into Lake Washington to facilitate navigation through the Ship Canal. AAs a result of these alterations, approximately 70 percent of the historic watershed was diverted out of the DDuwamish/Green RRiver basin and over 90 percent of the historic floodplain was isolated from the river ecosystem by flood control structures (Kerwin and Nelson 2000). Only eight percent of the former stream spawning habitat is available to migratory fish.EEstimates of historical population size of Chinook salmon put the maximum run size at approximately 37,000. In contrast, current mean natural origin run-size estimates vary between 11,200 and 14,700 (WRRIAA 9 Steering Committee, 2005). In addition to these major events, the Green/DDuwamish estuary has been largely eliminated over time with the growth of the fIGUREfIGURE2. DUWDUWAMISH rrIVVER eeSTUUARYY, 1854 chchAptptER ononE: intintRooDUctionction 9 present industrial landscape represents a 97 percent reduction in intertidal sand/mud substrate and marsh area. In addition, forested wetland is entirely absent. AA system of linear, deep navigation channels has replaced the former shallow, complex river channel. The Green RRiver basin is inhabited by three federally listed species of salmonids: 1) Chinook salmon of the Puget Sound EEvolutionary SignificantUUnit (EESUU), (RReaffirmed as Threatened,UU .S. Federal RRegister, 28 June 2005), 2) bull trout of the Coastal-Puget Sound DDistinct Population Segment (DDPS), (threatened, UU.S. Federal RRegister, 1 November 1999) and 3) steelhead of the Puget Sound DDPS (UU.S. Federal RRegister, 11 May 2007). Puget Sound-Strait of Georgia coho salmon also occur in the basin and are listed as a Species of Concern (UU.S. Federal RRegister, 15 AApril 2004), indicating that they are under less active consideration for formal listing. AAn EESUU of Pacific salmon is considered to be a distinct population segment (DDPS) and thus a "species" under the EEndangered Species AAct. The Green RRiver basin also contains formally designated critical habitat for Puget Sound Chinook salmon and Coastal-Puget Sound bull trout. Critical habitat for Chinook salmon includes the UUpper, Middle and Lower Green RRiver Subwatersheds (Watershed Codes 17110013, i-iii) of the Puget Sound EESUU (UU.S. Federal RRegister, 2 September 2005) and critical FIGURE 4. juxtaptaposesses thethe pastpast anand presentpresent shshorerelineine tto habitat for bull trout of the Coastal-Puget Sound. depiepictt hhow thethe wateraterwaay hashas chanhangeed overer timetime FigureS 3 (L) AND 5 (RR). depiepictt aa WesterWesterly perspeperspectitivee of thethe spspokaneane Streettreet corrirridorr inin 1898 ANDD 1998 10 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Water Dependent Business Protection The Lower DDuwamish RRiver is a vital home to industry and manufacturing as well as being important for fishing, recreation and wildlife habitat. Seattle's DDuwamish RRiver valley industrial district provides between 75,000 and 80,000 industrial sector jobs. Since water dependent businesses are vital to our region's economy, a key tenet of this plan is the coexistence of natural habitat and commerce that relies on the Waterway for navigation. It is hoped that this Plan lays a foundation for building mutually beneficial partnerships for river stewardship. The Port's focus in creating this plan has been on crafting a long range framework for investments on Port property that are aimed at keeping our community and environment healthy while supporting our vital working waterfront.Public Involvement Existing mudflat and container operations at Terminal 108 east shoreline Public Involvement The Port of Seattle launched a public involvement process for this plan in March 2008 to engage all stakeholders including area businesses, community and environmental groups, Native AAmerican tribes and key public agencies. The public involvement process began with the mailing of a project factsheet to property owners and interested parties in the area. AA series of meetings with stakeholders including area businesses also began in March and continued throughout the entire process. The project's first Open House was held onAA pril 29, 2008 to introduce the planning process to the community at large. On June 26, 2008 the Port led a DDuwamish RRiver Lunch Tour to help interested parties learn more about industry and habitat on the DDuwamish RRiver. This was followed by three public workshops Removal of invasive vines at turning basin number 3 restoration area 2002 held in July where interested parties came together to discuss different restoration typologies and to identify key restoration opportunity sites. Meeting notes from the workshops are contained in AAppendix 2. Interested parties included residents from the South Park and Georgetown neighborhoods, local scientists, representatives from the DDuwamish RRiver Cleanup Coalition (DRDRCC), People for Puget Sound, EEnvironmental Coalition of South Seattle, King County, the City of Seattle and the National Oceanic and AAtmospheric AAdministration (NOAAAA). The first workshop focused on the overall vision of the Plan, as well as on identifying the strengths, weaknesses and opportunities for restoration within each section of the river. The second workshop focused more specifically on habitat typologies. DDesign ideas for each habitat typology including large habitat hubs, small habitat pockets and habitat corridors, were discussed in the context of specific sites. The third and final workshop included discussion of potential implementation scenarios. Port sponsored DDuwamish River lunch tour chchAptptER ononE: intintRooDUctionction 11 AAfter the first draft of the HabitatRR estoration Plan was released Chapter 2 provides framework goals and policies to guide on October 29, 2008, a second open house was held to get implementation of habitat restoration along the river. feedback on the draft plan. AAn environmental review of the plan , pursuant to the Washington State EEnvironmental Policy Chapter 3 describes habitats that occur within the different AAct, was concluded on January 7, 2009. Throughout the shoreline zones such as riparian buffers, marshes and process the public has been encouraged to give input either mudflats. It also describes different habitat restoration by mail or email in conjunction with the project website. typologies including habitat hubs, habitat pockets and habitat corridors. Organization of the Plan Chapter 4 provides details about the restoration needs, constraints and opportunities along each section of the river. Chapter 1 provides background information about the history of the DDuwamish RRiver including its natural history Chapter 5 discusses potential implementation scenarios, and the history of industrial development along the opportunities for public and private coordination, monitoring shoreline and existing restoration. It also discusses the and tracking, key recommendations and next steps. purpose of the plan; and how the plan was developed including public involvement processes. VVolunteers working at Turning Basin number 3 in 2002 12 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Other Lower Duwamish LooWerer DuuWamishamish Riveriver Draftraft RestorationestorationPlanlan andand Programmaticrogrammatic River Planning Efforts Environmentalnvironmental Impactmpact Statementtatement This project is being carried out by the Lower Today, there are a number of projects underway to clean DDuwamish RRiver Natural RResource Trustees with the up the Waterway while ensuring it continues to serve as National Oceanic and AAtmospheric AAdministration the industrial heart of Seattle. The Superfund process, (NOAAAA) in a lead role. It involves a process to identify including both remediation and NRDRD aspects, is one of the general types of restoration projects that will be the major drivers for cleanup and restoration efforts, used to compensate for natural resource damage. The although numerous additional efforts are underway. It plan will also consider the unique characteristics of should be noted that these are the major investigations different segments of the river and how they inform the and planning projects rather than a complete list of all restoration strategy. The draft plan is expected to be entities playing a role in the cleanup effort. completed by the end of 2008 or beginning of 2009. LooWerer DuuWamishamish Riveriver Remedialemedial DuuWamishamish VallealleY Visioningisioning ProroJectect Investigationnvestigation/ FeasibiliteasibilitY StudtudY This project is being led by the DDuwamish RRiver Cleanup This major investigation is a joint initiative of four Coalition with outreach to DDuwamish valley residents, entities with liability for historic contamination: The Port workers, industrial leaders and recreational visitors. The of Seattle, City of Seattle, King County and the BBoeing project is a comprehensive, community-based future Company, collectively the "Lower DDuwamish Waterway visioning project, engaging people who live work or visit Group." AAs a component of the Superfund process, the DDuwamish VValley through workshops, mapping and the "RRemedial Investigation/Feasibility Study" (RRI/FS) interviews. The project aims to compile the community's is being carried out for the site under EEnvironmental ideas, concerns and visions of the future DDuwamish Protection AAgency's and the DDepartment of EEcology's VValley into a comprehensive 'future map,' which will be oversight and direction. The RRemedial Investigation presented to local, state and federal agencies responsible component of the study involves identifying the nature for the Superfund cleanup and other stakeholders. The and extent of site contamination and assessing the DDuwamish RRiver Cleanup Coalition is a Community risks associated with that contamination. The Feasibility AAdvisory Group as sanctioned by the EEnvironmental Study component of the RRI/FS presents and evaluates Protection AAgency. The project is expected to be cleanup options. Once the RRI/FS is complete, a Proposed completed in the fall of 2008. Plan for the final site cleanup is issued by the agencies. The Proposed Plan is subject to public comment and is CititY ofof Seattleeattle andand CititY ofof TuuKWilaila then followed by a final cleanup decision. That decision Shorelinehoreline Masteraster Programrogram Updatespdates is then implemented by responsible parties under legal settlement agreements or agency orders. The Proposed Shoreline Master Programs establish policies and Plan is expected to be available for public review and regulations that govern development and uses on and comment in late 2010. adjoining shorelines. AAn overarching objective of the program updates will be natural resource protection One outcome of the process to date has been the with the adopted standard of preventing any net loss of identification of seven locations with pronounced environmental function. AA component of the updates contamination issues warranting remedial action prior will be a restoration plan that identifies specific habitat to establishment of the river-wide cleanup plan. These restoration opportunities along the Lower DDuwamish areas are termed "EEarly AAction AAreas." Preparation of the RRiver. The updates are scheduled to be completed by RRemedial Investigation / Feasibility Study is being done DDecember 2009. with oversight by the UU.S. EEnvironmental Protection AAgency and the Washington State DDept. of EEcology. chchAptptER ononE: intintRooDUctionction 13 WWRIA 9 Salmonalmon Habitatabitat RecoverecoverY This project is a cooperative effort between 15 cities (including Seattle, Tukwila and Tacoma) and King County. The geographic focus is the entire Green/DDuwamish and Central Puget Sound Watershed stretching from southern King County to West Point in Seattle. This watershed is also known as Water RResource Inventory AArea 9 (WRRIAA 9). In response to the listing of Chinook salmon under the EEndangered Species AAct in 1999, local governments worked with the Port of Seattle, the local King Conservation DDistrict, federal and state agencies, businesses, and environmental groups to draft a Salmon Habitat Plan for the watershed. Completed in 2005, the Salmon Habitat Plan was subsequently folded into the overall Puget Sound Salmon RRecovery Plan, approved by the federal government in 2007. The plan proposes a mix of voluntary habitat restoration projects, habitat protection, and programs to be implemented during 2006-2015. While focused on the needs of salmon, the plan seeks to improve the entire aquatic ecosystem of the watershed. AA key part of the plan is restoration of "transition zone" habitat in the DDuwamish, which has a mix of fresh and salt water and plays a role in the rearing of young salmon. 14 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn < This page intentionally left blank > 2 RRestoration Policy Guidance The Lower DDuwamish RRiver Habitat RRestoration Plan serves as an inventory of habitat restoration opportunities on Port-owned properties at the project, section and site-specific scales. This chapter addresses a few aspects of habitat planning where guiding goals and policies apply. 16 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn General Habitat Planning Goal: Involve affected stakeholders in habitat planning Goal: EEnsure that habitat projects will be effective and endeavors and build mutually beneficial partnerships for enduring. river stewardship. Policy: The design of new habitat projects should include Policy: AAll restoration planning and design should be structural erosion control measures when necessary to coordinated with tribal treaty fishing stakeholders. In ensure the ecological value of the restored habitat and/or general, habitat restoration can be expected to improve to protect adjacent infrastructure. conditions for the DDuwamish RRiver fisheries. With regard to net fishing practices, most projects will improve access. Policy: Habitat planning should follow the adaptive However, some measures, such as installation of large management doctrine developed by the WRRIAA 9 Plan woody debris, could have negative impacts on access. to respond to improved scientific understanding of the For this reason, tribal treaty fishing interests should be DDuwamish estuary as well as "lessons learned" from current considered in the design of habitat projects. and future habitat restoration projects in this and other Puget Sound estuaries. AA potentially changing condition Policy: Opportunities for collaboration with water- that is receiving increasing attention is sea level rise. In a dependent businesses should be actively sought. In case where the Port is not implementing habitat projects particular, when a restoration project in a Port-owned on Port land it should pursue mechanisms to ensure ribbon property is being designed, the input of surrounding that the implementing entity adheres to the adaptive businesses or other surrounding property owners should management doctrine. be sought and considered. Policy: Habitat restoration projects should be designed Policy: EExplore opportunities for habitat restoration to facilitate cost-effective maintenance. The Port should collaboration with other public agencies, area residents, establish procedures for the ongoing maintenance and community groups. of habitat projects. In a case where the Port is not implementing habitat projects on Port land, it should Policy: While public access will be impractical in many Port pursue mechanisms to ensure that the implementing entity ribbon properties, it should be considered as a component adheres to the maintenance procedures. of the habitat projects on the larger sites. Public access to the shoreline along with interpretive signage has the potential to build community stewardship of a site. Port Staff describes the goals of the Plan to community stakeholders Turning BBasin number 3 habitat hub chchAptptER ttWO: RERESTORARATION POLICYY gUgUIDADANCEE 17 Working Waterfront The Lower DDuwamish RRiver is a vital home to industry and Policy: Sites which impose significant constraints from manufacturing. It provides water access to the DDuwamish current or expected future water dependent business industrial area from EElliott BBay and is a vital component of operations should be avoided. the industrial harbor. While working to protect and enhance water quality and wildlife habitat, the Port of Seattle must Policy: Safe navigation and docking for ships at existing also work to sustain industrialized activity in the Lower and potential future water-dependent business sites should DDuwamish, operate its facilities as efficiently as possible be preserved while working to restore habitat. and continue to build needed facilities to serve our local economy. EEcological value, costs and benefits, community Policy: In coordination with water-dependent businesses, input and the constraints of a working river must all be habitat-friendly alternatives for piers and shoreline balanced in the Plan. armoring should be considered where shoreline modifications are needed for water dependent activities. Goal: Protect and foster water dependent businesses while working to restore habitat along the DDuwamish RRiver. Policy: UUnder the Washington State Shoreline Management AAct, a habitat project that involves a landward shift in Policy: EExisting and potential sites for water-dependent the ordinary high water mark will result in the regulated activities should be identified and preserved. shoreline zone extending further inland. The Port should work with upland property owners in identifying the Policy: Where new habitat projects are constructed consequences of this law, when it applies on a specific site. adjacent to cargo terminals, their design must maintain lines of sight needed for the terminal's security plan. Tub boats are a common sight on the DDuwamish < This page intentionally left blank > 3 Habitat RRestoration Typologies RRestoration of different types of habitat could occur on different Port-owned properties along the Lower DDuwamish Waterway. This chapter provides descriptions of habitats that occur within the different shoreline zones such as riparian buffers, marshes and mudflats. It also describes different habitat restoration typologies that differ in terms of their size, shape and function, including habitat hubs, habitat pockets and habitat corridors. 20 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Shoreline Zones and Habitats The river shoreline is made up of different shoreline zones that contain plants and animals that reflect the moisture continuum from the upland down to the river channel. UUpland areas, adjacent to the waterway are considered part of the riparian zone. Lower in elevation is the intertidal zone, which experiences different levels of inundation depending on the tides. The subtidal zone is continuously inundated by water. Mudflat, marsh and riparian habitats, each occur within a different shoreline zone.UUnderstanding where the different shoreline zones exist along the waterway is therefore important for identifying the types of habitat restoration possible within each opportunity site. Information regarding the characteristics of and methods for restoring these habitats is based on the experience of the environmental staff of the Port as well as consultation with representatives of the Lower DDuwamish RRiver Natural RResource Trustees (Hoff, 2008). Marsh Pullback CConcept Plan VView Marsh Pullback CConcept section existing conditions Marsh Pullback CConcept Section Potential RestoredCCondition chchAptptER ththREE: hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion ttYpologipologiEss 21 Marshes Marshes are a type of wetland, which is subject to frequent or continual inundation, and are characterized by emergent soft-stemmed vegetation adapted to saturated soil conditions. Marsh vegetation and microorganisms that use excess nutrients for growth, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, are very important to preserving the quality of surface waters (EEPAA, 2008). Marsh vegetation is also a key component of an estuarine food web. Productivity in the marsh habitat influences the structure and abundance of the epibenthic and benthic communities.1 Marshes also serve as refuge and foraging habitat for salmonids and 1. BBenthic communities are made up of organisms which live on, in, or near marine sedimentary environments. EEpifauna live upon the seafloor or upon bottom objects; the so-called infauna live within the sediments of the seafloor. The main food sources for benthos are plankton and organic runoff from land. The depth of water, temperature and salinity, and type of local substrate all affect what benthos is present. Where light reaches the bottom benthic photosynthesizing diatoms are a significant food source. Filter feeders, such as sponges and pelecypods, dominate hard, sandy bottoms. DDeposit eaters, such as polychaete worms, populate softer bottoms. Fish, starfish, snails, cephalopods, and crustaceans are important predators and scavengers. BBenthic organisms, such as sea stars, oysters, clams, sea Marsh Bench CConcept Plan VView cucumbers, brittle stars and sea anemones, play an important role as a food source for fish and humans (BBritannica, 2008). Marsh Bench CConcept section existing conditions Marsh Bench CConcept Section Potential RestoredCCondition 22 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn other wildlife species. Marshes experience regular tidal Riparian Buffers inundation and include low marshes which are vegetated with aquatic vascular plants, and high marshes, which VVegetated riparian buffers dampen noise, filter stormwater are vegetated with aquatic vascular plants and terrestrial runoff, and stabilize the shoreline thereby preventing plants. erosion. They also provide an indirect source of food for fish and waterfowl by creating habitat for insects that fall into Marsh habitat could be constructed in both the main the water. Trees within the riparian zone provide shade and channel and side channels off theDD uwamish RRiver. Side nesting habitat for birds. channel habitat is more protected from disturbances such as boat wakes than habitats in the main channel and RRiparian buffers are found along the LowerDD uwamish therefore provides better refuge for juvenile salmon. Main RRiver, but are reduced, degraded, or absent in many areas. channel marshes would be constructed by excavating and RRiparian habitats in the project area contain a mixture of re-grading the existing banks to create the appropriate scrub/shrub vegetation and trees, such as willows and Sitka elevation and a lower gradient slope. Side channels could spruce (water tolerant species) and upland species such be enhanced by excavating tributaries to create a more as DDouglas firs and hemlocks. Non-native species, such as natural marsh elevation, reconfiguring the channels to Himalayan blackberry and reed canary grass, are common. increase sinuosity, and planting dense communities of VVegetated buffers provide additional benefit when they native species. RRestored side channels should be designed contain healthy communities of native species and are to retain water during low tides. Invasive species can be located adjacent to marshes, mudflats, or creek mouths. discouraged through the proper dense planting of native Planting buffers adjacent to marshes increases the ability of species following construction of the restored channels. a larger variety of species to use both habitats, such as birds that perch in the trees and bushes and those that forage Marshes can be divided into two types, high marsh and in the intertidal area. The width of a restored buffer is very low marsh, based on their elevation and related degree of important and influences the integrity of the habitat and tidal influence. High marsh communities contain shrubs, its ability to support wildlife. Larger buffers provide greater in addition to a variety of herbaceous species. Low marsh ecological benefits.RR estoring riparian buffers could involve vegetation communities are dominated by herbaceous removing invasive species, removing bank armoring and species. DDense marsh vegetation supports inputs of insects debris, potentially regarding the bank to a more natural and other organic matter to the river, as well as terrestrial slope, planting and maintaining native vegetation, locating wildlife habitat. The viability of restored marsh habitat is large woody debris, and enhancing substrate. partially dependent on its size and width. RRestored marshes will have increased ecological value if they contain wellvegetated riparian buffers, high and low marsh habitat, and mudflats. Greater value can also be provided when restored marshes are positioned adjacent to existing functioning marsh habitat. Restored marsh at Turning Basin #3 Riparian Enhancement CConcept Section chchAptptER ththREE: hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion ttYpologipologiEss 23 Mudflats Mudflats form when mud is deposited by tides or rivers and are typically found in sheltered areas such as bays and estuaries. They support benthic and epibenthic communities that are important sources of food for birds and fish, including juvenile Chinook salmon. Low elevation mudflats are especially important for salmonids. Where possible, mudflats should be constructed to border existing or restored marsh or vegetated buffers.AA ppropriate substrate may need to be added and any derelict vessels, trash, or rubble located within the intertidal mudflat range would be removed. BBecause of the navigational use of the river, most mudflat restoration projects would involve excavation of the existing bank to create the appropriate tidal elevations. Mud Bench CConcept Section Where appropriate elevations already exist, less extensive bank cutting and regrading would be needed. In some locations a combination of bank cutting and filling in lower elevations would be needed to achieve the required mudflat elevations. Existing mudflat at (River Mile 4.2) 24 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Typologies Typologies are classes of habitat that have characteristics restoration of the intertidal zone could include extensive or traits in common, such as size or configuration. They restoration of tidal marshes and mudflats, and restoration help to differentiate the different forms of habitat and of the riparian zone could extend far upland. In contrast, restoration projects needed along the waterway. Habitat within a Corridor where there are constraints with existing restoration typologies used in this Plan include Hubs, development, restoration of the intertidal zone would Pockets, and Corridors. EEach of these represents a different include smaller improvements to slope and vegetation, size and/or shape of potential restoration project. These and restoration of the riparian zone may be more narrowly three typologies are useful for describing existing types of focused along the shoreline edge. habitat features as well as for serving as models for future restoration projects along the waterway. Hubs Within hubs, pockets and corridors, restoration efforts could take place within the shallow subtidal, the intertidal and/or Hubs are large, well established habitats that tend to have the riparian zone. RRestoration of the major shoreline zones a greater degree of long-term variability and stability could occur to different extents. For instance, within a Hub, than smaller habitats. Greater variability and stability increase the ability of the overall system to withstand and recover from disturbances (resistance and resilience). AAlthough most potential restoration sites within the Lower DDuwamish are too small to be considered true hubs by most ecologists, Kellogg Island and Turning BBasin Number 3 likely serve in many ways as habitat Hubs in the Lower DDuwamish due to their large size. These two sites, enhanced and expanded, could serve as habitat anchors, providing fish and other wildlife with abundant and diverse refuge and feeding areas. KKellogg Island (above) and Turning Basin #3 (right) are existing habitat hubs that could be expanded and enhanced chchAptptER ththREE: hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion ttYpologipologiEss 25 Pockets Corridors Pockets are small habitats. AAlthough they provide habitat for Corridors are primarily linear features that provide narrow fewer species and are less resistant to disturbances than larger strips of habitat. They are rich in food sources and/or cover ones, pockets still provide important habitat areas for wildlife and form important routes between Hubs, Pockets, and and contribute to habitat continuity. Pockets are typically other types of habitat as well as critical links between sources created at side channels, where the water has a chance to slow of species and restored habitats. EExamples include narrow down and pool and where marsh vegetation or mudflats can strips of sedge marshes along river banks, channels from be formed. Pools provide space, cover, and nutrition to fish as deep areas to marsh flats, and bands of eelgrass and kelp. well as a place for fish to seek shelter during storms and other This typology applies best to the typical "ribbon" properties catastrophic events (Spence et al. 1996). Side channel mudflats owned by the Port within Commercial Waterway Number 1. also provide important resting areas for juvenile salmonids. Restored pocket habitat at Terminal 105 Restored marsh at Terminal 107 (River Mile 1.0) Terminal 105 Intertidal restoration area and Public Shoreline Access SiteDDiagram < This page intentionally left blank > 4 RRestoration Constraints & Opportunities The Lower DDuwamish Habitat RRestoration Plan focuses on restoration opportunities located on Port-owned shoreline and aquatic area property. This section describes existing industrial development/use and estuarine habitat conditions in each of the four waterway sections, along with evaluation of potential shoreline and aquatic habitat restoration actions. Constraints, particularly the shoreline facility and operational needs of water-dependent commercial and industrial uses, are also described, along with potential restoration opportunities at Port-owned waterway sites. 28 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn RIVER MILE 0.0 1 2 3 1 4 RIVER MILE 1.0 5 WEST MARGINAL WAY SW I-5 6 S MICHIGAN ST 7 2 9 RIVER MILE 2.0 8 1ST AVE S BRIDGE 10 12 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 RIVER MILE 3.0 19 21 EAST MARGINAL WAY S KING COUNTY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 20 3 22 SOUTH PARK SR 509 BRIDGE 24 23 25 26 27 RIVER MILE 4.0 28 29 4 SR 99 31 30 TURNING BASIN NUMBER 3 RIVER MILE 5.0 Legend Potential Hub Potential Corridor Adjacent Parcels Commercial Waterway #1 Existing Restoration Port of Seattle Owned Site by Others Existing Port Intertidal/Riparian N Potential Pocket Restoration Site Interface Project Number Not to Scale fIGUREfIGURE6. Restestoratirationn OppOpportrtunitnity Siteite OOverervieiew chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 29 Individual opportunities described in this section outline the scope of potential restoration actions that could be constructed at particular sites, based on existing industrial use conditions and habitat features. EEach of the habitat restoration opportunities are presented as a planning/ concept design and apply to Port-owned shoreline and aquatic area property only. Subsequent site-specific design for particular sites will require detailed survey information, civil engineering/geo-technical analysis and additional biological analysis. In addition, all potential shoreline and aquatic area restoration sites will require soil and sediment contamination investigations. Soil and sediment characterization is essential in light of Superfund coordination and decision-making needs in the DDuwamish Waterway. These site-specific evaluations, combined with Terminal 107, public shoreline access/habitat restoration site, habitat objectives identified for the location, will determine illustrating native riparian vegetation (River Mile 1.0) the dimension and extent of particular restoration actions. Project-Wide Overview Strengths Two large habitat hubs, Kellogg Island/Terminal 107 and Turning BBasin Number 3, as well as several past restoration successes at Terminals 105, 107 and 108 and Portland Street, provide a strong framework for future habitat restoration efforts along the LowerDD uwamish RRiver. The two habitat hubs provide a diverse array of ecological niches and thereby support a diversity of species. Their large size also improves their resistance and resilience to disturbances leading to overall ecosystem longevity. Constraints Artificially hardened and eroded bank at east side slip (River Mile 1.8) DDocks, piers, armoring and other modifications to the shoreline for water-dependent activities may constrain restoration opportunities in certain areas of the waterway. Limited "ribbon parcel" width, especially within Sections 1 and 2 of the waterway could also constrain the amount of corridor restoration possible in those areas. Opportunities DDespite constraints, at least 31 viable restoration opportunities have been identified along the waterway on the Port of Seattle's "ribbon" and terminal properties (Figure 6). The overall emphasis of the Plan is on maximizing the potential for restoring mudflats, marshes and riparian buffers on "ribbon parcels" and underutilized terminal areas. 30 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn HARBOR ISLAND RIVER MILE 0.0 1 WEST MARGINAL WAY SW 2 TERMINAL 106 EAST MARGINAL WAY S TERMINAL 108 3 DIAGONAL AVE S 4 TERMINAL 107 KELLOGG ISLAND RIVER MILE 1.0 Section 1 5 Legend Note: not all color codings occur in each river section Potential Hub Potential Corridor Adjacent Parcels Commercial Waterway #1 Existing Restoration Port of Seattle Owned Site by Others Existing Port Intertidal/Riparian N Potential Pocket Restoration Site Interface Project Number Not to Scale fIGUREfIGURE7. Seectitionn 1 Restestoratirationn OppOpportrtunitnity Sitesites chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 31 Section 1, North: Harbor Island to AAlaska Marine Lines Strengths Section 1 currently has the highest quality of habitat along the river. Kellogg Island, Terminal 107, Terminal 105 and Terminal 108, along with the presence of natural shoreline banks and shallow intertidal areas provide a key habitat hub at the northern project limit with refuge and feeding areas for a diversity of species. Constraints Heavy shipping activities requiring shoreline armoring and deep subtidal and intertidal channels and limited "ribbon parcel" width constrain opportunities for connectivity along some shoreline areas. Specifically, heavy shippers at Terminal 106, LaFarge and AAlaska Marine Lines require shoreline armoring to enable ships to dock and load and unload containers and raw bulk materials. Opportunities Overview Section one has fewer opportunities than the other sections because the large amount of habitat presently found here more closely emulates the continuity of habitat that originally existed in the river. BBuild on past restoration success in an area with extensive Port properties. Terminal 107, public shoreline access/habitat restoration site (River Mile 1.0) EExpand and enhance existing habitat hub and pocket sites Create new habitat corridors between Sections 1 and 2 Coordinate restoration planning to restore habitat connections to estuary RRestoration opportunities in Section 1 include creation of a habitat pocket at Terminal 105 (Project 1), creation of a habitat corridor along Terminal 106 (Project 2), expansion of the DDiagonal AAvenue South/Terminal 108 habitat pocket (Project 3) and enhancement of the Kellogg Island/Terminal 107 hub (Project 4). See Figure 7 and project descriptions below. LLarge scale water-dependent, marine industrial pier facility (River Mile 1.0) 32 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Opportunity Details Project 3 Terminal 108, EEast BBank line, RRiver Mile 0.5 Pocket Habitat This section contains descriptions of existing conditions This area currently has a moderate, unobstructed intertidal and potential restorative actions that could be substrate; however no emergent vegetation is present. implemented at each of the currently identified restoration EErosion is active in this bank line area, despite existing opportunity sites within Section 1. Numbered projects riparian vegetation. Potential restoration actions could correspond to opportunities on Port property. More include reshaping and reducing the bank line to create detailed notes of existing conditions and potential an intertidal, marsh planting bench along the length of restoration actions at each site are provided in AAppendix 1. the site with an elevation ranging from approximately plus10 to 12 feet MLLW. Large woody debris could also be Project 1 Terminal 105, West BBank line, incorporated into the emergent planting areas. The bank RRiver Mile 0.1 Pocket Habitat line upslope of the marsh planting bench, with a slope This area currently has an unobstructed low slope and between 3:1 and 4:1, could be planted with native riparian fine grained intertidal and shallow subtidal aquatic areas. vegetation. AA riparian vegetation buffer could be restored EEmergent and riparian vegetation are absent. Potential at the top-of-bank. Potential actions at this site could cover restoration actions could include excavation of the top- approximately 750 linear feet of bank line alteration. of-bank to reduce bank line elevation to approximately 10 to plus 12 feet above MLLW, extension of intertidal area Project 4 Terminal 107, Kellogg Island, West BBank approximately 50 to 80 feet west and construction of a line, RRiver Mile 1.0 Hub Habitat berm at west margin of site. Currently the portion of the DDuwamish Waterway adjacent to this site includes substantial exposed intertidal and DDerelict structures, rubble and metal slag materials could shallow subtidal mud/sand substrate. Marsh vegetation also be removed from existing intertidal area and the re- was formerly abundant, but exists only in small pockets at shaped and graded area could be planted with emergent present. vegetation. AA 15-foot wide riparian buffer/berm at the west margin could also be planted. EExisting Cottonwoods Potential restoration actions could include restoration at the north end of the site could remain as a buffer of intertidal conditions in approximately 11.5 to 12 acres between the site and the off-channel intertidal habitat site, of the site. Previously placed dredged materials could adjacent to north. Potential actions at this site could cover be removed to expose sediments to tidal influence, approximately 350 linear feet of bank line restoration. between 10.5 and 13 feet MLLW. EEmergent vegetation could also be installed throughout. RRestoration actions Project 2 Terminal 106, EEast BBank line, could leave portions of the existing berm located at the RRiver Mile 0.1 to 0.4 Corridor Habitat east margin of the site in place to protect restored marsh Currently this area does not have a fine grained, low slope areas from vessel-wake erosion. Large woody debris intertidal area and riparian vegetation is absent. Potential could be placed throughout the perimeter of the site as restoration actions could include reshaping and reducing the bank line to create a fine grain substrate bench along the length of the site, with an elevation ranging from approximately zero to plus two feet MLLW. The bank line landward of plus two feet MLLW could be sloped at 1:1 between plus two and plus 12 feet MLLW, serving as a stable armored shoreline. EExisting riprap bank line between plus 12 and 18 feet MLLW could be re-shaped with variable slope between 2:1 and 3:1 to receive native riparian plantings, installed as bank line vegetation pockets and planting wells. AA native riparian strip could also be planted at the new top-of-bank profile. Potential actions at this site could include approximately 1,350 linear feet of bank line enhancement. Existing inter-tidal mud/sand substrate and marsh vegetation,KK ellogg Island (River Mile 1.0) chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 33 an additional substrate stabilization measure. Intertidal restoration at Kellogg Island could be guided by data describing site elevations and conditions prior to use as a dredged material disposal site. RRemoval of dredged sediments from the site may require excavation below 10.5 feet MLLW in some locations, due to the compression of underlying native sediments. EEmergent and riparian plantings at the site could make the greatest possible use of the re-exposed native sediments. However, placement of additional fine grained sediments may be required to obtain appropriate elevations following removal of stockpiled dredged materials. South KKellogg Island, illustrating existing dredged material site, with shoreline vegetation established at upper edge of dredged material deposit. Note barge moorage dolphins in adjacent sub-tidal area (River Mile 1.0) Terminal 108, riprap bank line, illustrating potential marsh and riparian vegetation pocket restoration site (River Mile 0.5) 34 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn 5 6 WEST MARGINAL WAY SW TERMINAL 115 S MICHIGAN ST 7 9 EAST MARGINAL WAY S RIVER MILE 2.0 1ST AVE S 8 BRIDGE 10 Section 2 11 12 13 14 Legend Note: not all color codings occur in each river section Potential Hub Potential Corridor Adjacent Parcels Commercial Waterway #1 Existing Restoration15 16 Port of Seattle Owned Site by Others Existing Port Intertidal/Riparian N Potential Pocket Restoration Site Interface Project Number Not to Scale fIGUREfIGURE8. Seectitionn 2 Restestoratirationn OppOpportrtunitnity Sitesites chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 35 Section 2, North/Central: AAlaska Marine Lines to BBoyer Towing Strengths Section 2 has less existing habitat than other sections of the river on which to build. YYet, remnants of historic oxbows and small inlets near the 1st AAvenue BBridge and Glacier Marine, as well as a few natural shoreline banks and shallow intertidal areas, provide some habitat potential. Constraints Heavy shippers, common and contract carrier and marine construction activities in this section requiring shoreline WWest bank line, FFirst Avenue South Bridge, illustrating substantial hardening and piers for loading and unloading operations, habitat restoration opportunity, including partnership withCCity of constrain restoration opportunities along some shoreline Seattle (River Mile 2.1) areas. Opportunities Overview Create new habitat pockets in an active waterdependent business area with minimal existing habitat and significant constraints. Provide corridors between higher quality habitat upstream and downstream. RRestoration opportunities in Section 2 could include the creation of a habitat hub at Terminal 115 (Project 8) and the creation of habitat pockets under and around the 1st AAvenue BBridge (Projects 10 and 11). Collaboration with Northwestern Glass Company, BBPBB Gypsum, Hale's Construction, DDouglas Management, BBunge Foods and Terminal 115, marine industrial use site. Habitat restoration potential at BBoyer Towing could be coordinated for the creation of this and similar marine industrial sites is proposed for areas not needed for habitat pockets and corridors in and around Port ribbon water-dependent use (River Mile 1.9) parcels near these businesses (Projects 5, 6, 7, 11, 12 and 13 respectively). Coordination with the City of Seattle and the Washington State DDepartment of Transportation on restoration in and around the "ribbon parcel" adjacent to the 1st AAvenue BBridge, could also greatly further restoration goals (Projects 8 and 10). See Figure 8 and project descriptions below. FFirst Avenue South Bridge, illustrating potential restoration area between top-of-bank and floating moorage (River Mile 2.0) 36 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Opportunity Details debris from Port-owned aquatic and bank line area and excavation and re-shaping of approximately 175 linear feet This section contains descriptions of existing of existing bank line to create an intertidal bench at plus conditions and potential restorative actions that could 10 to 12 feet MLLW. Marsh vegetation and large woody be implemented at each of the currently identified debris could be installed to expand existing bulrush area in restoration opportunity sites within Section 2. Numbered this location. RRiparian vegetation, as planting pockets and projects correspond to opportunities on Port property. ledges in remaining portions of Port-owned bank line area UUnnumbered projects discuss opportunities for restoration could also be installed above plus 12 feet MLLW. on other properties. More detailed notes of existing conditions and potential restoration actions at each site are Project 7 Southwest corner Slip Two, EEast BBank provided in AAppendix 1. line, RRiver Mile 1.9 Corridor Habitat Currently this area has a small area of unobstructed Project 5 Northwestern Glass Company, EEast BBank moderate intertidal and shallow subtidal fine grained, low line, RRiver Mile 1.3 Corridor Habitat slope substrate. However, no riparian or marsh vegetation This area currently has a substantial unobstructed intertidal is present. Potential restoration actions could include substrate. However, no emergent or riparian vegetation is excavation and regrading of approximately 125 linear feet present. The site is also narrow, with limited Port-owned of existing riprap/rubble bank line and construction of bank line available for improvement. Potential restoration a fine grain intertidal substrate bench, at an elevation of actions could include removal of rubble, debris and derelict approximately 10 to 12 feet above MLLW. The bench could creosote piling from Port-owned aquatic and bank line be suitable for placement of emergent vegetation and areas. AApproximately 250 to 275 linear feet of large woody large woody debris. RRemaining portions of the Port-owned debris conditions in the intertidal area could be established bank line landward of plus 12 feet MLLW, could be shaped at plus10 to 12 feet MLLW. RRiparian vegetation planting at approximately 3:1 slope and planted with riparian pockets and ledges in Port-owned bank line area could also vegetation. be installed above plus 12 feet MLLW. Project 8 Southwest Terminal 115, West BBank line, Project 6 BBritish Plaster BBoard, EEast BBank line, RRiver RRiver Mile 2.0 Hub Habitat Mile 1.6 Corridor Habitat The portion of DDuwamish Waterway adjacent to this Currently this area has an unobstructed intertidal substrate site includes minimal exposed intertidal substrate and with a small amount of marsh vegetation in an exposed no riparian or marsh vegetation is present. This reach of native substrate. However, there is limited riparian waterway is occupied by numerous in-water and overvegetation present and the site is narrow, with limited water structures, including the First AAvenue South bridge Port-owned bank line available for improvement. Potential crossings. AA fish and wildlife habitat restoration channel restoration actions could include removal of rubble and constructed by WDDOT is present at the south landfall of the First AAvenue South BBridge, which connects to an emergent vegetation area. Potential restoration actions could include removal of existing in-water and over-water structures to re-expose approximately 320 linear feet of intertidal and shallow subtidal aquatic area. AAn intertidal substrate suitable for emergent vegetation (elevation plus 10 feet to 12 feet MLLW) could be created by excavating landward from existing plus 10 feet MLLW elevation. The side margins of the excavation area includes a 3:1 slope, beginning at 12 feet MLLW, which could allow the new top-of-bank in the interior of the excavated restoration area to match the surrounding upland elevations between 20-24 feet MLLW. Side slopes could also be planted with native riparian vegetation band, 18 to 36 feet in width. The toe of riparian slope and side slopes of excavated intertidal area Illustrating existing non-water dependent industrial shoreline use, with potential for placement of native riparian vegetation and large woody could be stabilized with large woody debris. The intertidal debris as a partnership opportunity (River Mile 1.4) and riparian habitat restoration area includes up to 3.2 acres, with the potential to expand the restoration site chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 37 to approximately 4.5 acres if the adjacent public right-ofway is included. In addition, restoration at this site could include an intertidal channel connection to the interior of the existing WDDOT aquatic habitat restoration area. The installation of a 300 to 400 feet long intertidal channel connection between the proposed restoration site and the existing WDDOT site could benefit both areas. Project 9 North First AAvenue South BBridge, EEast Shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.0 Corridor Habitat This site currently has a small area of unobstructed intertidal and shallow subtidal substrate. The upper and intertidal bank line contains a fine grained, low slope substrate. However, no riparian or marsh vegetation is present. Potential restoration actions could include excavation and regrading of approximately 225 linear feet of existing riprap/rubble bank line. AA fine grain intertidal Existing recreational boat moorage, east bank line,FFirst Avenue South substrate bench could be constructed at an elevation of Bridge (River Mile 2.0) approximately zero to two feet above MLLW could. The remaining portions of Port-owned bank line landward of Project 11 South First AAvenue South BBridge, West plus two feet MLLW, could be shaped at approximately 3:1 Shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.2 Corridor Habitat slope and portions of the slope above 12 feet MLLW could be planted with riparian vegetation. This site currently has a moderate area of unobstructed intertidal and shallow subtidal substrate. UUpper and Project 10 North First AAvenue South BBridge, West intertidal bank line consists of riprap and debris and no Shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.1 Corridor Habitat substantial riparian vegetation or marsh vegetation is Currently, this site has a moderate area of unobstructed present. Potential restoration actions could include reintertidal and shallow subtidal substrate. The upper and shaping and reducing the bank line to create a 400 foot intertidal bank line consists of riprap and rubble, with an long, intertidal, fine grain substrate, at an elevation of unstable and eroding intertidal slope. No riparian or marsh approximately plus 10 to 12 feet MLLW. This could run vegetation is present. Potential restoration actions could parallel and landward of the existing barge moorage include excavation and regrading of approximately 75 dolphins. The upper intertidal bench could be planted with linear feet of an existing riprap/rubble bank line to form a emergent vegetation. The slope landward of the marsh 3:1 slope bank line suitable for placement of native riparian planting area could receive large woody debris and riparian vegetation. AA top-of-bank berm could also be installed to vegetation arranged in slope pockets. AApproximately 400 eliminate surface water flow over top-of-bank and large linear feet of improvement is available at this site. woody debris, at an elevation of approximately eight to 12 MLLW, could be installed as toe-of-slope stabilization Project 12 Cold Storage Warehouse/Industrial measure. Large woody debris could extend approximately UUpland Site, EEast Shoreline, 100 feet north along the Port-owned waterway boundary, RRiver Mile 2.3 Corridor Habitat across high intertidal portions of previously constructed Currently, this site has a moderate area of unobstructed WDDOT restoration site. AApproximately 175 linear feet of intertidal and shallow subtidal substrate. The upper and improvement is available at this site. intertidal bank line consists of riprap and no substantial riparian or marsh vegetation is present. The Port-owned bank line area is narrow. Potential restoration actions could include excavation of the bank line to reduce slope and removal of any rubble or debris present. The bank line could be sloped to the maximum extent possible within the Port-owned area between 12 to 19 feet MLLW to create a riparian planting area as a graded bench or pocket plantings. Large woody debris could be installed at lower margin of riparian planting area, between 12 and 14 feet MLLW. AApproximately 600 linear feet of bank line improvement is available at this site. 38 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Project 13 South Orchard Street/Second AAvenue South, West Shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.3 Pocket Habitat The site currently has a substantial area of unobstructed intertidal and shallow subtidal substrate. The upper and intertidal bank line consists of rubble and debris and no substantial riparian vegetation or marsh vegetation is present. The Port-owned bank line area includes the existing upland as well as the bank line and the aquatic area. Potential restoration actions could include excavation of the bank line and removal of rubble and derelict materials. The top-of-bank could be reshaped landward approximately 25 feet and a fine grain intertidal substrate area could also be created at an elevation of 10 to 13 feet MLLW for use as emergent vegetation planting area. Existing side channel, intertidal pocket, west shoreline, (River Mile 2.4). This area is located between projects 11 and 13. IT illustrates a AA 2:1 sloped shoreline with riparian vegetation extending potential restoration opportunity involving private property owners up-slope from 13 feet MLLW to a mounded berm could and the Port. be constructed at plus 13 feet to 15 feet MLLW for use as a riparian planting area. Large woody debris could also be installed along the bank line at 12 to 13 feet MLLW. AApproximately 175 linear feet of site bank line is available for improvement at this site. Port-owned bank line property at this site represents substantial pocket habitat restoration potential. EEfficient use of this site will benefit from collaboration with the City of Seattle relating to maintenance of and potential reconfiguration of existing right-of-way adjacent to the northeast intersection of South Orchard Street and Second AAvenue South. Side Channel RRestoration The Port is supportive of collaboration with adjacent property owners on restoration of the existing side channel at river mile 2.4 near Orchard Street and the 1st AAvenue S BBridge to create high-functioning habitat pockets. Project 13 is located at the southeast corner of the existing side Restoration opportunity for habitat corridor adjacent toJJames channel noted here. The side channel, approximately 525 Hardie GGypsum feet long and including approximately 0.9 acres of intertidal sand/mud substrate, includes Port property in the approximately 160 feet wide inter-tidal area where the side channel joins with the DDuwamish Waterway. Future cleanup and restoration in this area would provide significant fish and wildlife habitat attributes. RRestoration at this site would require project coordination and partnership between the Port, private property owners, and, potentially, the City of Seattle, if the margins of adjacent public right-of-way areas were included in a potential restoration action. chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 39 Illustrating potential habitat restoration noted in Site 11 and Site 12 descriptions. Note fishing net at center left, indicating active treaty tribe fishing access inDDuwamish WW aterway 40 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn 12 13 KING COUNTY INTERNATIONAL 14 8TH AVE S AIRPORT 15 16 17 S PORTLAND ST 18 EAST MARGINAL WAY S 19 RIVER MILE 3.0 21 20 SOUTH PARK SR 99 BRIDGE 22 TERMINAL 117 23 24 Section 3 25 26 28 27 Legend Potential Hub Potential Corridor Adjacent Parcels Commercial Waterway #1 Existing Restoration Port of Seattle Owned Site by Others Existing Port Intertidal/Riparian N Potential Pocket Restoration Site Interface Project Number Not to Scale fIGUREfIGURE9. Seectitionn 3 Restestoratirationn OppOpportrtunitnity Sitesites chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 41 Section 3, South/Central: BBoyer Towing to Terminal 117 Strengths Section 3, has a few habitat pockets and some shallow intertidal areas, including an existing restoration site at Portland Street. Immediately north and south of the South Park BBridge, the left bank has less shoreline hardening and more natural shoreline than other areas in this section. AActive residents from the nearby Georgetown and South Park neighborhoods afford greater opportunity for partnership, coordination, synergy and stewardship. Existing DDuwamish WWaterway Park, illustrating continuing community Constraints effort to improve shoreline access and shoreline habitat (River Mile 3.1) Marine construction activities and barge mooring and loading requiring some shoreline hardening and piers for business operations, constrain restoration opportunities to some extent. RRelatively smaller parcel sizes resulting in a variety of ownerships may make coordination more challenging. However, much of the shoreline in this section is bordered by non-water dependent and residential uses. Opportunities Overview EEnhance and create new habitat pockets and corridors in a community context. Take advantage of shallow intertidal areas to create mudflat and marsh habitats. Provide corridors between higher quality habitat upstream and downstream. South Park Marina, illustrating over-water coverage (River Mile 3.5) Successful habitat restoration will require close coordination with state and federal clean-up managers and property owners, particularly BBoeing, to ensure effective soil and sediment cleanup , complemented by restoration actions along the east shoreline. RRestoration opportunities in Section 3 exist along several shorelines adjacent to businesses, residences and public shoreline street ends. Opportunities include the creation of habitat corridors along the shorelines adjacent to the South Park neighborhood (Project 20), 8th AAvenue South near Georgetown (Project 17) and the BBoeing Public AAccess Site (Project 18), and the creation of a habitat hub at Terminal 117 (Project 23). Partnerships with adjacent businesses, including tug and barge operators, could be coordinated, to create habitat corridors in and around Port-owned ribbon DDuwamish WWaterway in area of Eighth Avenue South parcels (Projects 14, 15, 16, 19, 21, 22 and 24). See Figure 9 (River Mile 2.9) and project descriptions below. 42 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Opportunity Details along the bank line at 12 to 13 feet MLLW. AApproximately 200 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement at This section contains descriptions of existing this site. conditions and potential restorative actions that could be implemented at each of the currently identified Project 15 South Fontanelle Street/Fifth AAvenue restoration opportunity sites within Section 3. Numbered South UUpstream AAlong DDerelict Industrial BBank line, projects correspond to opportunities on Port property. West Shoreline, UUnnumbered projects discuss opportunities for restoration RRiver Mile 2.6 Corridor Habitat on other properties. More detailed notes of existing This site currently has a substantial area of intertidal conditions and potential restoration actions at each site are and shallow subtidal substrate, without any permanent provided in AAppendix 1. structures. The upper and intertidal bank line consists of rubble, concrete block bulkhead and equipment and Project 14 North Portion EExisting BBarge Cargo structures. No substantial riparian or marsh vegetation is Facility, West Shoreline, present. The Port-owned area includes the existing upland RRiver Mile 2.5 Corridor Habitat as well as the bank line and the aquatic area. Potential Currently, this site has a moderate area of unobstructed restoration actions could include excavation of the bank intertidal and shallow subtidal substrate. The upper and line area in Port ownership and removal of rubble and intertidal bank line consists of riprap and rubble and no derelict materials. The top-of-bank could be re-shaped substantial riparian vegetation or marsh vegetation is landward to match upland elevation, moving the bank line present. The Port-owned area includes the existing upland landward approximately 20 to 30 feet. AA fine grain intertidal as well as the bank line and the aquatic area. Potential substrate at an elevation of 10 to 13 feet MLLW could be restoration actions could include excavation of the bank constructed for use as emergent vegetation planting area. line and removal of rubble and derelict materials. The top- AA 2:1 slope shoreline with riparian vegetation extending of-bank could be reshaped landward approximately 15 up-slope from 13 feet MLLW to the top-of-bank elevation feet and a fine grain intertidal substrate at an elevation could be constructed for use as riparian planting area. Large of plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW, could be created for use as an woody debris could also be installed along the bank line emergent vegetation planting area. AA 2:1 sloped shoreline at 12 to 13 feet MLLW. AApproximately 450 linear feet of site with riparian vegetation extending up-slope from 13 feet bank line is available for improvement at this site. MLLW to top-of-bank could be constructed for a riparian planting area. Large woody debris could also be installed Illustrating South Park neighborhood/street-end restoration potential Illustrating industrial building edge of waterway and potential for (River Mile 3.3) partnership restoration action with Boeing (River Mile 3.5) chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 43 Project 16 South Othello Street to EEighth AAvenue South, EEast Shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.7 Corridor Habitat Currently this site has a substantial intertidal and shallow subtidal substrate and no permanent structures. The aquatic area is generally clear of industrial debris and relic materials. However, the upper and intertidal bank line consists of rubble and industrial fill material. No substantial riparian vegetation or marsh vegetation is present. Potential restoration actions could include excavation of the bank line area in Port ownership and removal of rubble and industrial fill.DDisplacement of the top-of-bank landward five to 20 feet could also occur depending on ownership. AA low bank riparian vegetation area five to 15 feet in width at an elevation of 13 feet MLLW to top-of-bank could be created and large woody debris could be placed between 13 and 14 feet MLLW. Landward, the 2:1 to 3:1 slope could receive native riparian vegetation and a top-of-slope berm to prevent surface water flow over the bank line.AA pproximately 700 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement at this site. Project 17 Southwest corner, EEighth AAvenue South, EEast Shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.8 Corridor Habitat This site currently has comparatively abrupt intertidal and shallow subtidal slopes, with a rocky/cobble substrate. No over water structures are present and no riparian or marsh vegetation is present. Potential restoration actions could include excavating and regrading of the Port-owned bank line and narrow upland strip to remove rubble and re-shape the profile. Native riparian vegetation could be planted from 13 feet to 20 feet MLLW. The top-of-bank could be moved landward approximately five to 10 feet.RR iparian upper photograph: Existing rubble and industrial fill shoreline edge at vegetation could provide a native shoreline feature at the Eighth Avenue South northwest corner of Slip 4. AApproximately 100 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement at this site. Illustrating potential habitat restoration at Project 22 site, with the ExistingGGeorgetown Eighth Avenue South street-end, illustrating potential for substantial expanded habitat in partnership with upland potential partnership restoration opportunity withCCity of Seattle property owner (River Mile 3.5) (River Mile 2.8) 44 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Project 18 Southwest Corner, Slip 4 and AAdjacent Potential restoration actions could include regrading of the UUpstream BBank line, EEast Shoreline, Port-owned bank line and narrow upland strip and removal RRiver Mile 3.0 Corridor Habitat of rubble to establish the top-of-bank approximately 10 to Currently this site has a uniform riprap bank line, with no 15 feet landward. The dimensions and shape of the bank line over water structures. The riprap slope extends landward could be irregular, consistent with the existing residential from a substantial exposed intertidal and shallow structures and street end availability. AAn intertidal fine grain subtidal aquatic area. RRiparian vegetation exists 10 to 15 substrate bench could be constructed, variable in width, at feet landward of the top-of-bank. However, no riparian an elevation of plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW, for use as emergent vegetation is present in the shoreline slope areas. Marsh vegetation area. RRiparian vegetation could be established vegetation is also not present. Potential restoration actions from an elevation of plus 13 feet to 16 feet MLLW and large could include excavation of the bank line to remove woody debris could be installed at plus 12 to 13 feet MLLW. portions of riprap and to regrade and reshape the Port- Public access could be included to restored shoreline in owned bank line profile landward approximately 40 feet. street end areas. AApproximately 850 linear feet of bank line is AAn intertidal fine grain substrate could be constructed at an available for improvement at this site. elevation of plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW for use as an emergent vegetation area. RRiparian vegetation could be established Project 21 Industrial Structure (Plant 2) North of from an elevation of plus 13 feet to 20 feet MLLW. Large South Park BBridge, EEast Shoreline, RRiver Mile 3.2 woody debris could be restored throughout at an elevation Corridor Habitat of 12 to 13 feet MLLW. AApproximately 1050 linear feet of Currently the margin of this site consists of a piling bank line is available for improvement at this site. supported industrial building. Intertidal conditions extend beneath the structure and over water coverage Project 19 South Chicago Street to South Kenyon extends east of Port ownership area. However, no over Street, West Shoreline, RRiver Mile 3.0 Corridor water structures are present in Port-owned aquatic area. Habitat Substantial intertidal and shallow subtidal exposed sand/ This site currently has an irregular rubble bank line, with mud substrate is present. However, no riparian or marsh no over-water structures. The rubble slope ends at the vegetation is present. Potential restoration actions could landward margin of a substantial exposed intertidal include installation of continuous large woody debris in and shallow subtidal aquatic area. No riparian or marsh the Port-owned aquatic area, placed between plus two and vegetation is present. Potential restoration actions could four feet MLLW. Large woody debris serves as intertidal include regrading the Port-owned bank line and narrow enhancement and protects adjacent upland structure upland strip, removal of rubble and establishing the top-of- from vessel wake energy. AApproximately 900 linear feet of bank at approximately 10 to 15 feet landward. AAn intertidal exposed sand/mud substrate is available for improvement fine grain substrate bench could be constructed at an at this site. elevation of plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW for use as an emergent vegetation area. RRiparian vegetation could be established from an elevation of plus 13 feet to 19 feet MLLW and large woody debris could be installed at plus 12 to 13 feet MLLW. AApproximately 475 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement at this site. Project 20 South Park Neighborhood Street ends: South Kenyon Street, South EElmgrove Street, South Southern Street and South RRose Street, West Shoreline, RRiver Mile 3.2 Corridor Habitat Currently this site has an irregular rubble bank line, which changes in character among different privately owned parcels and public street-ends. No over-water structures are present. The rubble slope ends at the landward margin of a substantial exposed intertidal and shallow subtidal aquatic area. No riparian or marsh vegetation is present. Illustrating present bank line conditions at River Mile 3.5, east bank line (refer to Project 22) chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 45 Project 22 AA Industrial BBank line, South Portion Project 22 BB South of South Portion, Plant 2, EEast of Plant 2 and South of South Park BBridge, EEast Shoreline, RRiver Mile 3.5 Corridor Habitat Shoreline, RRiver Mile 3.5 Corridor Habitat Currently this site has a riprap and rubble bank line, with no The margin of this site currently consists of a piling over-water structures present. AA narrow band of exposed supported industrial building. Intertidal conditions intertidal substrate is present, between plus six and zero extend beneath the structure and over-water coverage feet MLLW. No riparian or marsh vegetation present at extends east of Port ownership area. However, no over- this site or in adjacent areas of east bank line. Potential water structures present, in Port-owned aquatic area. restoration actions could include regrading the Port-owned Substantial intertidal and shallow subtidal exposed sand/ bank line and narrow upland strip and removal of riprap mud substrate is present. However, no riparian or marsh and rubble to establish the top-of-bank approximately 20 vegetation is present. Potential restoration actions could to 25 feet land ward. AA bench could be constructed at an include installation of continuous large woody debris, elevation of approximately plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW for use placed between plus two and four feet MLLW. Large woody as an emergent vegetation area. RRiparian vegetation could debris serves as intertidal enhancement and protects be established between an elevation of plus 13 feet to 18 adjacent upland structure from vessel wake energy. feet MLLW. Large woody debris could also be installed at AApproximately 1,100 linear feet of exposed sand/mud plus 12 to 13 feet MLLW as a slope protection measure. substrate is available for improvement at this site. AApproximately 275 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement at this site. Project Site 18, illustrating existing vegetated top-of-bank. Note active East bank line of waterway, including Eighth Avenue South street end, Treaty fishing access at right margin of image illustrating corridor and habitat pocket restoration potential in partnership with CCity of Seattle (River Mile 2.8) 46 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Project 23 Terminal 117, West Shoreline, Project 24 Industrial BBank line (Jorgensen RRiver Mile 3.7 Hub Habitat Forge), EEast shoreline, RRiver Mile 3.7 The intertidal area at this site currently includes a moderate Corridor Habitat slope and an exposed medium grain substrate at the This site has a vertical intertidal bank line and no over-water west margin of the DDuwamish Waterway channel. The structures. AA substantial band of exposed intertidal substrate portion of the DDuwamish Waterway adjacent to this is present between plus 10 and 0.0 feet MLLW. No riparian or site includes a substantial exposed intertidal substrate. marsh vegetation is present at this site or in adjacent areas However, the area does not include any significant marsh of the east bank line. Potential restoration actions could or riparian vegetation. Potential restoration actions could include regrading the Port-owned bank line and narrow include removal of existing buildings and the wood crib upland strip and removal of vertical bulkhead and top-of- bulkhead. EExcavation of the existing filled upland area land- bank structures to establish the top-of-bank approximately ward from approximately nine feet MLLW could expose 40 feet land ward. AA bench could be constructed at an approximately 2.5 acres of intertidal area. AA re-graded site elevation of approximately plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW for use would include approximately 0.7 acres of unvegetated as emergent vegetation area. RRiparian vegetation could mud/sand substrate at plus nine feet to 10.5 feet MLLW be established from an elevation of plus 13 feet to 20 feet and approximately 1.8 acres suitable for establishing marsh MLLW. Large woody debris could be established at plus vegetation at plus 10.5 to 12 feet MLLW. This restoration 10 to 13 feet MLLW as a slope transition structure and for site could also include approximately 0.45 acres of riparian shoreline protection. AApproximately 650 linear feet of bank shoreline planting, between plus 12 feet MLLW and the new line is available for improvement at this site. top-of-bank. AApproximately 750 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement at this site. Illustrating Terminal 117 restoration potential (River Mile 3.7) chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 47 EExpanded Habitat at 8th AAvenue South Coordination with BBoeing property and Superfund The Port is supportive of collaboration with the City remediation of Seattle and the Georgetown neighborhood in their DDuring preparation of the present plan, numerous planning for improvements at the 8th AAvenue Street end comments identified the potential for combining Port- / Gateway Park, which has included planning for some owned area along the east shoreline of the waterway with degree of habitat restoration. future Superfund clean-up and upland property ownership are, including BBoeing properties. RRestoration along the EExpanded corridor Habitat along RRiverfront RRevival east shoreline of the waterway, river mile 3.0 through 3.5, Planning AArea would require close coordination between state and federal The Port is supportive of collaboration with residents of the agencies, natural resource trustees, the Port and adjacent South Park neighborhood on restoration of the Port-owned property owners. ribbon parcel along the RRiverfront RRevival planning area. Numerous public comments focused on the potential to Collaboration with Stakeholders at Terminal 117 use existing concept plans created as a citizen-led planning The Port will continue to work with the DDuwamish effort as a guide to larger scale use of publicly-owned Port RRiver Cleanup Coalition, the South Park Neighborhood property and County right-of-way. Coordinated planning AAssociation, and other stakeholders on the cleanup and and design in this reach of Section 3 will provide substantial planning for habitat restoration and public access at habitat benefits (river mile 3.7-3.8). terminal 117. Illustrating South Park neighborhood/street-end restoration potential, Riverfront Revival Site (River Mile 3.3) 48 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhAB ititAtt REstosto RAtiontion plplAnn 23 24 14TH AVE S 25 26 KING COUNTY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 28 27 RIVER MILE 4.0 29 EAST MARGINAL WAY S SR 99 31 30 TURNING BASIN NUMBER 3 RIVER MILE 5.0 Section 4 Legend Note: not all color codings occur in each river section Potential Hub Potential Corridor Adjacent Parcels Commercial Waterway #1 Existing Restoration Port of Seattle Owned Site by Others Existing Port Intertidal/Riparian N Potential Pocket Restoration Site Interface Project Number Not to Scale fIGUREfIGURE10. Seectitionn 4 Restestoratirationn OppOpportrtunitnity Sitesites chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 49 Section 4, South Terminal 117 to Turning BBasin Number 3 Strengths The habitat hub at Turning BBasin Number3 and sediment and freshwater inputs from upstream, along with some natural shoreline banks, upland vegetation and shallow intertidal areas, provide important habitat for fish and wildlife in Section 4. Previous restoration efforts at Turning BBasing Number3 provide a strong foundation on which to do further enhancement. Constraints Section 4 has the fewest constraints from water-dependent Illustrating successful establishment of marsh vegetation at Turning businesses. YYet, some marina and shipyard activities in Basin Number Three restoration site (River Mile 4.6) this section, requiring shoreline hardening and piers for business operations, constrain restoration opportunities in some areas. Opportunities Overview BBuild on previous efforts by creating new pockets and expanding corridors on non-water dependent sites. Non-water dependent businesses equal significant restoration opportunities. EExpand shallow and slow water areas to enlarge estuarine transition zone habitat. Provide connectivity to a major habitat hub Existing marine industrial use, west shoreline (River Mile 4.4) opportunity. Several opportunities for corridor creation exist in Section 4 within Port-owned "ribbon parcels" located adjacent to non-water dependent businesses (Projects 26-29 and 31), along with opportunities for additional hub enhancement at Turning BBasin Number 3 (Project 30). See Figure 10 and project descriptions below. Illustrating rubble, industrial fill shoreline, east bank, (River Mile 3.8) 50 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Opportunity Details: Project 27 UUpland Industrial Facility (Merrill Creek Holdings), EEast Shoreline, This section contains descriptions of existing RRiver Mile 3.9 Corridor Habitat conditions and potential restorative actions that could This site currently has a vertical intertidal bank line, with be implemented at each of the currently identified no over-water structures present. AA substantial band of restoration opportunity sites within Section 3. Numbered exposed intertidal substrate is present, between plus projects correspond to opportunities on Port property. four and 0.0 feet MLLW. No riparian or marsh vegetation UUnnumbered projects discuss opportunities for restoration is present at this site or in adjacent areas of the east bank on other properties. More detailed notes of existing line. Potential restoration actions could include placement conditions and potential restoration actions at each site are of continuous large woody debris between plus two and provided in AAppendix 1. four feet MLLW within the Port-owned aquatic area. Large woody debris could serve as an intertidal enhancement and Project 25 RResearch Facility Campus, West could protect adjacent upland structure from vessel wake Shoreline, RRiver Mile 3.8 Corridor Habitat energy. AApproximately 375 linear feet of exposed sand/mud This site currently has a vertical, unstabilized upper bank substrate is available for improvement at this site. line, with no over-water structures present. AAn intertidal area exists below approximately plus 12 feet MLLW without Project 28 Sea King Industrial Park, West Shoreline, riprap or other protection. AA substantial band of exposed RRiver Mile 4.0 Corridor Habitat intertidal substrate is present between plus 10 and 0.0 feet Currently this site has a riprap and rubble bank line, with no MLLW. RRiparian vegetation exists at top-of-bank and some over-water structures present. AA narrow band of exposed recruitment of woody debris takes place as a result of bank intertidal substrate is present, between plus 10 and 0.0 feet line erosion. No marsh vegetation is present. Potential MLLW. AA small amount of marsh vegetation is present north restoration actions could include regrading the vertical of the site, outside of Port ownership. Potential restoration portion of the Port-owned upper bank line and shifting the actions could include reshaping the Port-owned bank line bank line landward approximately 15 feet. RRegrading the to create a 2:1 stable slope. The bank line could receive riparian slope at 2:1 and planting with vegetation. The new native riparian vegetation and large woody debris could lower slope could be prepared for emergent vegetation at be installed at the waterward margin of the slope, between an elevation of 10 to 13 feet MLLW. AA continuous margin plus 10 and 13 feet MLLW, as a bank line stabilization of large woody debris could be installed between 13 and measure. AApproximately 275 linear feet of bank line is 14 feet MLLW at the base of the newly contoured slope. available for improvement at this site. AApproximately 600 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement at this site. Project 29 Former Industrial Site and BBarge Moorage (Container Properties), EEast Shoreline, Project 26 UUpland Industrial Facility RRiver Mile 4.1 Intertidal Habitat (BBoeing/Thompson), EEast Shoreline, RRiver Mile 3.8 This site consists entirely of existing intertidal exposed Corridor Habitat sand/mud substrate at the east margin of the navigation Currently this site has a vertical intertidal bank line, with channel. Intertidal conditions extend approximately 150 no over-water structures present. AA substantial band of feet east in private ownership. Substantial tide flat area exposed intertidal substrate is present between plus four exists at this site. However, no riparian or marsh vegetation and zero feet MLLW. No riparian or marsh vegetation is is present. Potential restoration actions could include present at this site or in adjacent areas of the east bank placement of continuous large woody debris within Portline. Potential restoration actions could include placement owned aquatic area between plus two and four feet MLLW. of continuous large woody debris between plus two and Large woody debris could serve as intertidal enhancement four feet MLLW within the Port-owned aquatic area. Large and could provide slack water and off-channel habitat. woody debris could serve as an intertidal enhancement and AApproximately 800 linear feet of exposed sand/mud could protect adjacent upland structure from vessel wake substrate is available for improvement at this site. energy. AApproximately 375 linear feet of exposed sand/mud substrate is available for improvement at this site. chchAptptER fofoUR: REESTORARATION ConstonstRAintsints AnnD OppoppoRttUnitinitiEss 51 Project 30 BBoeing Facility Campus and Industrial Park, EEast Shoreline, RRiver Mile 4.6 Corridor Habitat Currently this site has a riprap bank line, with no over-water structures present. AA substantial band of exposed intertidal substrate is present, between plus 10 and zero feet MLLW. No marsh vegetation and limited riparian features are present. Potential restoration actions could include excavation of 650 linear feet in two locations to create a 2:1 slope between 10 feet and 22 feet MLLW, moving the topof-bank up to 15 feet landward, consistent with property ownership. AAn approximately 10-foot wide and 650-foot long emergent planting bench could be created at an elevation of plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW. The area up-slope of the emergent planting area, spanning an additional 400 linear feet of shoreline, could receive riparian vegetation. AApproximately 1,050 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement at this site. Illustrating shoreline and aquatic area restoration potential at west bank line, Turning Basin Number Three, (River Mile 4.6) Project 31 Seattle City Light Substation, West Shoreline, RRiver Mile 4.6 Corridor Habitat This site currently has a riprap bank line, with no over-water structures present. Little exposed intertidal substrate is present between plus 10 and zero feet MLLW. No marsh vegetation and limited riparian features are present. Potential restoration actions could include reshaping of the lower intertidal riprap slope to include a fine grain substrate bench at an elevation of plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW, which is five to 10 feet in width and suitable for placing emergent vegetation. The area below plus 10 MLLW could remain as a riprap slope. The area in Port control above plus 13 feet MLLW could receive riparian vegetation. AApproximately 625 linear feet of bank line is available for improvement. Collaboration opportunities, west Turning BBasin Number Three RRestoration occurring within the Port ribbon parcel could be complementary to any potential restoration efforts on Existing creosote timber bulkhead, east bank line (River Mile 3.8) the adjacent City Light parcel through collaborative efforts. DDredging at Turning BBasin Number Three The Port believes that it is important that the area of Turning BBasin Number Three continue to function as a sediment collection basin, aiding maintenance of downstream navigation uses. Coordination of maintenance dredging needs and potential fish and wildlife habitat improvements requires participation by local, state, federal and natural resource trustee representatives. Illustrating potential marsh and riparian restoration site at east turning basin bank line (River Mile 4.6) < This page intentionally left blank > 5 Implementation DDiscussion The Lower DDuwamish Habitat RRestoration Plan identifies and describes potential habitat restoration opportunities that exist at a vetted inventory of sites. The Plan also contains policy guidance and examples of applicable restoration typologies. This chapter contains some discussion of how implementation of the projects might move forward including linkages to progress on related DDuwamish RRiver cleanup projects. 54 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Implementation Scenarios restoration projects in the identified project opportunity areas, with the greatest emphasis on water dependent businesses While the product of this report is primarily an inventory immediately adjacent to the properties in question. of Port-owned sites available for habitat projects, there are some plausible implementation concepts apparent at this AAs part of the public involvement effort for this Plan, the time. First, new waterfront construction projects usually Port conducted outreach to community groups, public require habitat enhancement and/or restoration as part agencies, citizens, property owners, businesses and of the permit approval process. This is commonly known other stakeholders in the project area. AA series of public as project mitigation. Second, as discussed in Chapter 1 at open houses and workshops were held to coordinate some future time, the Natural RResource Trustees are likely to with stakeholders. In addition, the Port targeted water follow up on the DDraft RRestoration Plan and Programmatic dependent businesses in a series of meetings. Follow- EEnvironmental Impact Statement by pursuing settlements up contact included a project mailer that described with liable parties involving new habitat construction. and mapped specific potential habitat restoration sites. RRevisions to potential opportunity sites were made based The RRestoration Plan and Programmatic EEnvironmental on the input received. The Port will continue to coordinate Impact Statement will provide direction on habitat with adjacent businesses during future habitat design and emphasis and construction priorities. The approach of implementation efforts. These efforts will include seeking this plan has been to inventory all Port-owned sites where specific feedback as proposed designs are developed and restoration is thought to be currently feasible and would providing updates to adjacent property owners and the not unreasonably interfere with other river users, most public on the progress of implementation. importantly water-dependent businesses. The Port would need to determine programmatic and/or case specific requirements and compensation in a scenario of other parties using Port land for their habitat projects. The terms of such transactions are at this time unknown and are beyond the scope of this plan. Coordination with Other Governments and Property Owners Several opportunities for collaboration on restoration projects exist along the Waterway, both with public and private entities. Most notable are opportunities for collaboration with owners of properties adjacent to the Port's "ribbon parcels." In many cases the landward side of a ribbon property corresponds to the high water mark, resulting in the Port being able to restore intertidal habitats, whereas the adjacent property owners would have greater ability to restore the corresponding riparian habitats. The potential conceptual projects and opportunities described in this Plan are limited to those projects which could be undertaken on Port owned properties that are currently thought to be available for restoration. Furthermore, the emphasis of this Plan is on those upland, intertidal and shallow subtidal portions of the Commercial Waterway N. 1 parcel, with intertidal areas being the most critical. Coordination efforts to date have thus focused on those stakeholders who would be most impacted by future chchAptptER fifiVE: ImplmplEmmEntntAtiontion DISCUUSSION 55 Monitoring and Tracking RRecommendations & Next Steps RRecommendations The Port will continue to provide input on the Lower DDuwamish RRiver DDraft RRestoration Plan and Programmatic The Port currently conducts monitoring at existing EEnvironmental Impact Statement, including input on restoration sites. AAs restoration efforts are expanded within project prioritization criteria. The Port will continue to the Lower DDuwamish RRiver the Port is supportive of the address historic contamination at Terminal 117, which has notion of adaptive management as developed by the been identified as anEEarly AA ction AArea. Two upland removal WRRIAA 9 Plan. This will allow the Port to respond to improve actions have already occurred on the site. AA separate study scientific understanding of theDD uwamish estuary as is being performed to identify a final removal action for the well as "lessons learned" from current and future habitat sediment, bank upland and adjacent streets. restoration projects in this and other Puget Sound estuaries. BBy sharing the restoration challenges and successes of On a parallel track, the Port will continue to participate this initiative, the broader public can learn from the Port's in the Lower DDuwamish Waterway Group (LDDWG) on the efforts and this data can be used to coordinate and improve Lower DDuwamish RRiver RRemedial Investigation / Feasibility future habitat restoration and enhancement efforts. In a Study. This project is a study of the extent of contaminants case where the Port is not implementing habitat projects in the river and the risks to humans and the environment. on Port land it will consider the use of mechanisms that The LDDWG includes the City of Seattle, King County, the Port ensure that the implementing entity adheres to the of Seattle and the BBoeing Company, with oversight from adaptive management doctrine. the UU.S. EEnvironmental Protection AAgency and Washington VVolunteer efforts will be an important component of project implementation 56 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn State DDepartment of EEcology. Habitat restoration planning ELLIOT BAY for one of the Lower DDuwamish Waterway early action sites (T117) is ongoing and will include extensive community PIER 34 outreach. In addition to these core efforts, the Port will continue to participate as a stakeholder, property owner and affected agency in City of Seattle's Shoreline Master Program update, as well as DDuwamish VValley VVisioning Project, a grassroots community planning effort led by the DDuwamish RRiver Cleanup Coalition. The Port of Seattle's efforts for habitat restoration planning extend outside of the DDuwamish waterway. The Seaport Shoreline Plan was adopted by the Port Commission in SR 99 DDecember 2007. It includes the designation of three future habitat restoration sites in the Harbor Island area. These SLIP 27 HARBOR are as follows: the shoreline area at the southern end of ISLAND Terminal 25, the tip of Slip 27, and the shoreline adjacent to the mooring dolphins at Pier 34. The overall DDuwamish RRiver cleanup and restoration effort Terminal 25 has the potential to transform the Lower DDuwamish RRiver. The Port believes that proactive planning is necessary to prepare for the changes to come. The Port hopes that The WEST SEATTLE BRIDGE Lower DDuwamish RRiver Habitat RRestoration Plan will provide initial leadership and guidance for future implementation efforts. Specifically, this plan will create a long-range framework for investments on Port property that lie along Legend the shoreline of the river. The intent of this plan will be N Potential Pocket to provide for the coexistence of natural habitat and the Not to Scale commerce that relies on the waterway for navigation, in a fIGUREfIGURE 11. Potenntialal Haabitaat Projectss inn Haarbor IslandIsland Areaa way that emphasizes community values and stakeholder coordination. This Plan is a necessary early step in the habitat restoration process for Port owned shoreline sites in the Lower DDuwamish RRiver and additional coordination, prioritization, design and other implementation efforts will be needed to realize the opportunities identified. CChinook Salmon (Image: http://www.flickr.com/photos/nylffn/1333167157) Blue Heron on Duwamish River chchAptptER fifiVE: ImplmplEmmEntntAtiontion DISCUUSSION 57 OOsprey nest box, in place at Terminal 18, East WWaterway Note: FFive activeOOsprey nests are present in DDuwamish WW aterway < This page intentionally left blank > RREffEREncncEss 59 References: BBenthos. 2008. EEncyclopdia BBritannica. RRetrieved October 8, 2008, from EEncyclopdia BBritannica Online. Green/DDuwamish and Central Puget Sound Watershed Water RResource Inventory AArea 9 (WRRIAA 9) Steering Committee. AAugust 2005. Salmon Habitat Plan Making Our Watershed Fit for a King. Prepared for the WRRIAA 9 Forum. Kerwin, John and Nelson, Tom S. (EEds.). DDecember 2000. Habitat Limiting Factors and RReconnaissance AAssessment RReport, Green/DDuwamish and Central Puget Sound Watersheds (WRRIAA 9 and VVashon Island). Washington Conservation Commission and the King County DDepartment of Natural RResources. http://dnr.metrokc.gov/Wrias/9/RRecon.htm Hoff,RR ebecca. AAugust 2008. National Oceanic and AAtmospheric AAdministration. Personal contact regarding habitat restoration guidelines that are expected to be promulgated by the Lower DDuwamish RRiver Natural RResource Trustees. Marshes 2008. UU.S. EEnvironmental Protection AAgency. RRetrieved October 8, 2008, from http://www.epa.gov/owow/wetlands/types/marsh.html. Spence, BB.C., G.AA. Lomnicky, RR.M. Hughes, and RR.P. Novitzki, 1996. AAn EEcosystem AApproach to Salmonid Conservation. TRR-4501-96-6057. < This page intentionally left blank > AppAppEnnDicicEss 61 Appendix 1 Duwamish Restoration Notes Site Number One: Terminal 105, west bank line, Habitat Statement: AArea has existing, unobstructed low RRiver Mile 0.1 slope, fine-grained inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal aquatic Habitat Restoration Opportunity: pocket habitat area. EEmergent and riparian vegetation are absent. Planning Area: One Potential Restoration Actions: EEstablish emergent vegetation, improve riparian vegetation: AApproximately Ownership: POS upland and aquatic area 350 linear feet bank line restoration. EExcavate top-of-bank to reduce bank line elevation to approximately ten to 12 Existing Conditions: feet above MLLW, extending inter-tidal area approximately 50 to 80 feet west, constructing berm at west margin of Bank line slope and configuration: BBank line is un- site. RRemoval derelict structures, rubble, and metal slag stabilized, eroding margin of previous un-armored materials from existing inter-tidal area. Plant re-shaped fill area, upper south bank line includes remains of and graded area with emergent vegetation planting site, former small boat shipway, slope approximately plant 15 feet wide riparian buffer/berm at west margin. 8:1. Top-of-bank approximately 14 to 15 feet MLLW. Note: Cottonwood growth at north end of site to remain as buffer between site and off-channel inter-tidal habitat site Existing bank line vegetation: Small number adjacent to north. deciduous trees at north portion of site, nearly continuous Scott's broom and other non-native Site Number Two: Terminal 106, east bank line, shrubs and low vegetation throughout site, with RRiver Mile 0.1-0.4 small amount non-native beach grass. Habitat Restoration Opportunity: corridor habitat Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: Planning Area: One EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 8:1, sand/ mud substrate. Ledges of pre-development organic Ownership: POS upland and aquatic area marsh are exposed in limited areas of in inter-tidal shoreline. No marsh vegetation and little algal Existing Conditions: growth. Bank line slope and configuration: BBank line is Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent structurally stabilized, including 1.75:1 heavy riprap sub-tidal area includes un obstructed west slope. Top-of-bank approximately 18 feet MLLW. margin of DDuwamish navigation channel, slope approximately 8:1 to 5:1. No substantial algal Existing bank line vegetation: Slope is largely growth. vacant of vegetation, with only small number low growing invasive plants present. Existing structures: EExisting upland undeveloped, with light industrial fabrication and warehouse Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: uses adjacent to west, including paved/drained EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 1.75:1, heavy truck/vehicle use area, site storm water similar to upper-bank line, with constructed outfall at south margin of site. Note: substantial riprap slope extending from inter-tidal elevations relic creosote piling and rubble, including to sub-tidal area of Turning BBasin Number One, sandblast grit and slag, remaining from former approximately 20-25 feet below MLLW. No marsh small boat yard and shipway. vegetation and little algal growth. 62 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent vegetation, while south 100 feet has received past sub-tidal area includes east margin of DDuwamish riparian plantings. navigation channel and Turning BBasin Number One, slope approximately 5:1. Sub-tidal conditions Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: include heavy riprap slope and minus 20-25 feet EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 2:1 riprap, MLLW sand/mud substrate in adjacent turning extending from approximately 10 to 11 feet MLLW basin. No substantial algal growth. to plus 16 to 18 feet MLLW. Lower inter-tidal slope, below approximately 10 to 11 feet MLLW, Existing structures: AActive marine-related uses approximately 3:1 to 5:1, includes imported fill and and activities in upland area. No existing or former localized areas of exposed native substrate. No dock, in-water structures present. UUpland area used marsh vegetation present and little algal growth. for marine cargo container servicing/maintenance/ marshalling, including paved yard area, with Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent heavy truck and equipment use. Site storm water sub-tidal area slopes to east margin of DDuwamish discharges present. navigation channel. No substantial algal growth. Habitat Statement: AArea has no existing fine-grained, low Existing structures: AActive marine-related uses and slope inter-tidal area and riparian vegetation absent. activities in upland area. South portion of adjacent upland includes pavement and storm drainage Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 1350 linear system, while north portion is unpaved. EExisting feet bank-line alteration. RReshape and reduce bank line to skeleton pier present, approximately 350 linear create 40 feet wide inter-tidal, fine-grain substrate bench feet, with associated moorage dolphins. Moorage along length of site, elevation approximately 0.0 to plus in-active at present. Moorage includes only two feet MLLW. BBank line above plus two feet MLLW sloped minimal over-water obstruction/coverage. at 1:1 between plus two and plus 12 feet MLLW, ensuring erosion resistant upper inter-tidal shoreline. BBank line Habitat Statement: AArea has moderate, un-obstructed between plus 12 and 18 feet MLLW re-shaped with variable inter-tidal substrate. No emergent vegetation present, slope, approximately 2:1 and 3:1, to receive native riparian however, and riparian vegetation can be expanded. EErosion plantings, installed as bank line vegetation pockets and is active in this bank line area. planting wells. EEstablish native riparian at new top-of-bank profile. Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 750 linear feet linear feet bank-line alteration. RReshape and reduce Site Number Three: Terminal 108, east bank line, bank line to create 20 feet wide inter-tidal, marsh planting RRiver Mile 0.5 bench along length of site, elevation approximately 10 to Habitat Restoration Opportunity: pocket habitat 12 feet MLLW. Incorporate large woody debris in emergent planting areas. BBank line upslope of marsh planting bench Planning Area: One sloped between 3:1 and 4:1 to receive native riparian vegetation. Top-of-bank receives ten feet wide native Ownership: POS upland and aquatic area riparian vegetation buffer. Existing Conditions: Site Number Four: Terminal 107, Kellogg Island, west bank line, RRiver Mile 1.0 Bank line slope and configuration: BBank line is Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Hub habitat site variable with structurally stabilized 2:1 slope above approximately 10 to 11 feet MLLW and lower Planning Area: One inter-tidal slope between 3:1 and 5:1. Top-of-bank between 18 and 22 feet MLLW. Ownership: POS upland and aquatic area. Existing bank line vegetation: AApproximately 350 Existing Conditions: linear existing top-of-bank includes combination of native and invasive trees and shrubs. Note: AArea Bank line slope and configuration: BBank line has not been managed or planted, all vegetation consists of disintegrating, forty year-old berm present as in-fill from adjacent locations. Center installed as perimeter enclosure at Kellogg Island. 300 feet of bank-line is absent of riparian BBerm placed as containment structure for receiving AppAppEnnDicicEss 63 dredged sediments from DDuwamish Waterway. woody debris could be placed throughout perimeter of site BBank line berm has slumped and breached in as additional substrate stabilization measure. numerous locations, allowing for tidal flooding, elevations above plus 11 feet MLLW. RRemaining Inter-tidal restoration at Kellogg Island could be guided by berm is abrupt 1:1 to vertical slope, with invasive data describing site elevations and conditions prior to use vegetation. No riprap present. as a dredged material disposal site. RRemoval of dredged sediments from site may require excavation below 10.5 Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: feet MLLW in some locations, due to compression of under- Kellogg Island includes approximately 1.2 acres, lying native sediments. EEmergent and riparian plantings at with approximately 4.3 acres between 11 to 13 site could make greatest possible use of re-exposed native feet MLLW and approximately 7.9 acres between sediments, however, placement of additional fine-grained 13 and 30-45 feet above MLLW. AArea 11 to 13 feet sediments at site may be required to obtain appropriate above MLLW includes native and invasive marsh elevations following removal of stock-piled dredged vegetation and riparian vegetation. AArea above materials. approximately 13 feet MLLW includes native and invasive upland vegetation. AArea water-ward of Site Number Five: Northwestern Glass Company, existing berm includes native inter-tidal mud/sand east bank line, RRiver Mile 1.3 substrate, with slope conditions approximately 10:1 Habitat Restoration Opportunity: corridor habitat throughout. Planning Area: One Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: Shallow sub-tidal area consists of exposed mud-sand Ownership: POS aquatic and bank line area, with top-of- substrate throughout, with east portions of site bank and upland in private ownership sloping at approximately 5:1 to 3:1 to adjacent DDuwamish Waterway channel. Existing Conditions: Existing structures: No over-water or upland Bank line slope and configuration: BBank line is structures present. Site has been used in past uniform low riprap and rubble slope, variable in decades to receive dredged sediments from the section 1:1 to 3:1. Top-of-bank approximately 16.5 DDuwamish Waterway. Note: EExisting approximately to 17 feet MLLW. 12.2 acre site was formerly inter-tidal marsh area. EEntire site has been bermed and filled, with up Existing bank line vegetation: No substantial to two feet over-burden of dredged material riparian vegetation present. Top-of-bank includes covering north 35 percent of site and 10 to 30 non-native shrubs. feet dredged sediments present in south 70 percent of site. DDredged material has compressed Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: native sediments. In addition, dredged materials EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 1:1 to 3:1 previously placed at the site include contaminated riprap and rubble, extending from top-of-bank to sediments. approximately six to eight feet MLLW. Narrow band exposed native sand/mud sediment between toe of riprap slope and at east margin of DDuwamish Habitat Statement: AAdjacent portion of DDuwamish navigation channel, with approximately 40 to 50 Waterway includes substantial existing exposed inter- feet exposed mid and low inter-tidal substrate tidal and shallow sub-tidal mud/sand substrate. Marsh present, slope approximately 5:1 to 10:1. No marsh vegetation was formerly abundant and is present in small vegetation present and little algal growth. pockets at present. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: Moderate Potential Restoration Actions: RRestore inter-tidal approximate 5:1 adjacent sub-tidal area to east conditions in 11.5 to 12 acres at site. RRemove previously margin of DDuwamish navigation channel. No placed dredged materials, re-exposing sediments to tidal substantial algal growth. influence, between 10.5 and 13 feet MLLW. Install emergent vegetation throughout. RRestoration could leave portions Existing structures: No active marine-related uses of existing berm at east margin of site in place to protect and activities in upland area. UUpland area includes restored marsh areas from vessel-wake erosion. Large industrial warehouse, truck access, and parking. 64 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Habitat Statement: AArea has substantial, un-obstructed transshipment at south margin of site, including inter-tidal substrate. No emergent or riparian vegetation skeleton dock and deep draft moorage. UUpland present. Site is narrow, with limited port-owned bank line area used for heavy vehicle access serving adjacent available for improvement. manufacturing/warehouse uses. Potential Restoration Actions: RRemove rubble, debris, and Habitat Statement: AArea includes un-obstructed inter-tidal derelict creosote piling from port-owned aquatic and bank substrate. Limited riparian vegetation present, with small line area. EEstablish approximately 250 to 275 linear feet amount of marsh vegetation in exposed native substrate. large-woody debris conditions in inter-tidal area plus 10 to Site is narrow, with limited port-owned bank line available 12 feet MLLLW. Install riparian vegetation planting pockets for improvement. and ledges in port-owned bank-line area above plus 12 feet MLLW. Potential Restoration Actions: RRemove rubble and debris from port-owned aquatic and bank line area. EExcavate and Site Number Six: BBritish Plaster BBoard, east bank re-shape approximately 175 linear feet of existing bank line, line, RRiver Mile 1.6 creating inter-tidal bench plus 10 to 12 feet MLLLW. Install Habitat Restoration Opportunity: corridor habitat marsh vegetation and large woody debris (expanding existing bulrush area in this location). Install riparian Planning Area: Two vegetation as planting pockets and ledges in remaining portions of port-owned bank-line area above plus 12 feet Ownership: POS aquatic and bank line area, with top-of- MLLW. bank and upland in private ownership Site Number Seven: Southwest corner Slip Two, Existing Conditions: east bank line, RRiver Mile 1.9 Habitat Restoration Opportunity: corridor habitat Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank approximately 16 to 18 feet MLLW. Industrial Planning Area: Two upland development immediately land-ward of bank line. EEntire shoreline consists of heavy riprap Ownership: POS bank line area, with adjacent upland area and rubble slope, generally 1.75:1 and 2:1 slope. in private and public ownership RRiprap has slumped in areas, creating irregular bank profile. Existing Conditions: Existing bank line vegetation: RRiparian vegetation Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank present as thicket and shrubs, with no trees. approximately 16 to 19 feet MLLW. Industrial upland development area extends to top-of-bank Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: throughout site. BBank line consists of continuous EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 1.75:1 to 2:1 riprap and rubble, with variable slope and irregular riprap and rubble, extending from top-of-bank to condition, approximately 2:1 to 3:1 slope. approximately four feet MLLW. Note: narrow band of marsh vegetation present in north portion of Existing bank line vegetation: No riparian site, in exposed native sediment layer, in horizontal vegetation present. Site bank line includes invasive terrace in exposed riprap slope. Little algal growth. plants. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: sub-tidal area slopes to east margin of DDuwamish EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 2:1 navigation channel. Narrow shoulder exposed to 3:1 riprap, extending from top-of-bank to native sand/mud sediment between toe of riprap approximately 10.0 feet MLLW. No marsh or slope and east margin of DDuwamish navigation algal growth present. Mid and lower interchannel , with approximately 20 feet wide exposed tidal area consists of exposed crushed rock/ mid and low inter-tidal substrate present, slope aggregate substrate, resulting from release of approximately 5:1 to 10:1. No substantial algal bulk construction materials during barge/upland growth. transfer operations. AArea between 10 feet and 0.0 MLLW approximately 10:1 slope. No dock or over- Existing structures: AActive marine bulk cargo AppAppEnnDicicEss 65 water structures present. 320 linear feet, port-owned bank line. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: shallow sub-tidal area includes sloping crushed UUpper inter-tidal bank line consists of rubble and rock/aggregate substrate, with some sand/mud to riprap, with abrupt constructed slopes. Inter-tidal east margin of DDuwamish navigation channel. area below approximately five feet MLLW includes mud/sand substrate in limited areas, adjoining Existing structures: AAdjacent sites to north and adjacent west slope of DDuwamish Waterway south includes marine industrial shoreline and channel (slopes approximately 3:1). upland uses and activities. Over-water creosote piling supported dock structures, active and Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: Shallow derelict, with timber crib bulkheads. South sub-tidal area represents west side-slope of portion of adjacent site includes recreational boat DDuwamish Waterway channel. Side slope is moorage. UUpland portion of site includes barge approximately 3:1. cargo transshipment and marshalling, with heavy vehicle use. Existing structures: EExisting derelict creosote dock structure present, approximately 3000 square Habitat Statement: AArea includes small area of un- feet, with adjacent moorage floats. Shore land and obstructed inter-tidal substrate. No riparian or marsh adjacent upland area includes paved equipment vegetation present. Site includes moderate inter-tidal and storage and approximately 5300 combined square shallow sub-tidal fine-grained, low slope substrate. feet existing wood-frame buildings. Potential Restoration Actions: EExcavate and re-grade Habitat Statement: AAdjacent portion of DDuwamish approximately 125 linear feet existing riprap/rubble bank Waterway includes minimal exposed inter-tidal substrate, line. Construct approximately 20 feet wide, fine-grain with no riparian or marsh vegetation present. This reach of inter-tidal substrate bench, elevation approximately ten to waterway occupied by numerous in-water and over-water 12 feet above MLLW, suitable for placement of emergent structures, including First AAvenue South bridge crossings. vegetation and large woody debris. RRemaining portions Note: Fish and wildlife habitat restoration channel is of port-owned bank line land-ward of plus 12 feet MLLW, present at south landfall of First AAvenue South BBridge shaped at approximately 3:1 slope and planted with (WDDOT constructed site, including connection to emergent riparian vegetation. vegetation area. Site Number Eight: Southwest Terminal 115, west Potential Restoration Actions: RRemove existing in-water bank line, RRiver Mile 2.0 and over-water structures, re-exposing approximately Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Hub habitat site 320 linear feet inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal aquatic area. EExcavate landward from existing plus ten feet Planning Area: Two MLLW elevation to create inter-tidal substrate suitable for emergent vegetation (elevation plus ten feet to 12 feet Ownership: POS bank line area, including adjacent port- MLLW). Side margins of excavation area includes 3:1 slope, owned and City of Seattle right-of-way in upland area beginning at 12 feet MLLW, allowing for new top-of-bank in interior of excavated restoration area to match surrounding Existing Conditions: upland elevations between 20-24 feet MLLW. Side slopes planted with native riparian vegetation band, 18 to 36 feet Bank line slope and configuration: Site is in width. Toe of riparian slope and side slopes of excavated downstream of First AAvenue South BBridge, inter-tidal area stabilized with large woody debris. adjacent to south margin of Terminal 115. Top-ofbank 15 to 18 feet MLLW, with riprap, rubble, and Note: Inter-tidal and riparian habitat restoration area creosote bulkhead structures present. BBank line includes up to 3.2 acres, with the potential to expand slope variable, 3:1 to nearly vertical. Toe of slope restoration site to approximately 4.5 acres if adjacent public emerges at narrow margin mud/sand substrate, right-of-way is included. In addition, restoration at this site approximately five feet MLLW. may include inter-tidal channel connection to interior of existing WDDOT aquatic habitat restoration area. Installation Existing bank line vegetation: No functional of 300 to 400 feet long inter-tidal channel connection riparian or marsh vegetation present along existing proposed restoration site with existing WDDOT side could 66 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn benefit both areas. UUpper and inter-tidal bank-line contains fine-grained, lowslope substrate. No riparian or marsh vegetation present. Site Number Nine: North First AAvenue South BBridge, east shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.0 Potential Restoration Actions: EExcavate and re-grade Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat approximately 225 linear feet existing riprap/rubble bank line. Construct approximately 15 feet wide, fine-grain inter- Planning Area: Two tidal substrate bench, elevation approximately 0.0 to two feet above MLLW, suitable for placement of fine-grain inter- Ownership: POS bank line area tidal substrate. RRemaining portions of port-owned bank line land-ward of plus two feet MLLW, shaped at approximately Existing Conditions: 3:1 slope. Portions of slope above 12 feet MLLW planted with riparian vegetation. Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank approximately 20 to 22 feet MLLW. Industrial Site Number Ten: North First AAvenue South BBridge, upland development area extends to top-of-bank west shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.1 north of site. BBank line consists of continuous Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat riprap and rubble, with variable slope and irregular condition, approximately 2:1 slope. Note site Planning Area: Two extends under north end of parallel First AAvenue South bridges. Shoreline also includes large Ownership: POS bank line area city CSO and water supply pipe line crossing of DDuwamish Waterway. Existing Conditions: Existing bank line vegetation: No riparian Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank vegetation present. Site bank line includes invasive approximately 17 to 19 feet MLLW. Industrial plants. upland development area extends to top-of-bank throughout site. BBank line consists of continuous Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: riprap, rubble, and wood crib bulkhead structures, EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 2:1 with variable slope and irregular condition, to 3:1 riprap, extending from top-of-bank to approximately 1:1 to 2:1 slope, extending from approximately 10.0 feet MLLW. No marsh or algal top-of-bank to approximately 0.0 to minus two growth present. Mid and lower inter-tidal area, feet MLLW. Note: north portion of site adjacent from approximately plus 10 feet to 0.0 (MLLW) to recent aquatic area restoration completed by consists of exposed rubble, debris, and moderate Washington DDepartment of Transportation, 1998, area of fine-grained substrate, approximately 5:1 during construction of second First AAvenue BBridge slope. crossing. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent Existing bank line vegetation: No riparian shallow sub-tidal area includes approximate 5:1 to vegetation present. BBank line is unstable and 10:1 slope sand/mud substrate, extending from 0.0 eroding at toe. Site bank line includes invasive to minus 10 to 15 feet MLLW. plants. Existing structures: AAdjacent site to north Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: includes marine industrial shoreline and upland EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 1:1 uses and activities. North half of site includes to 2:1 riprap, extending from top-of-bank to covered recreational boat moorages, with approximately 0.0 to minus two feet MLLW. No connecting floating walkways. Moorage structures marsh or algal growth present. Mid and lower interapproximately 60 feet water-ward of 0.0 contour. tidal area, from approximately 0.0 (MLLW) consists South portion of site includes storm water and of exposed mud/sand substrate with moderate water supply pipeline infrastructure, with above- amount debris and derelict creosote piling stubs. grade First AAvenue South bridge structures. Inter-tidal slope approximately 4:1 to 5:1. Habitat Statement: Site includes small area of un- Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent obstructed inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal substrate. shallow sub-tidal area includes approximate 5:1 AppAppEnnDicicEss 67 to 10:1 slope sand/mud substrate, extending from EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 1:1 minus 10 to west margin of DDuwamish navigation to 2:1 riprap, extending from top-of-bank to channel. approximately 0.0 to minus two feet MLLW. No marsh or algal growth present. Mid and lower Existing structures: AAdjacent site to south includes inter-tidal area, from approximately 0.0 (MLLW) to upland area used for barge cargo transshipment minus ten feet MLLW consists of 30 to 40 feet wide and equipment storage. Concrete piling supported exposed mud/sand substrate, moderate slope, barge dock (approximately 100 feet by 60) and approximately 4:1 to 5:1. Some industrial debris steel moorage dolphins at site. and derelict creosote piling present. Habitat Statement: AArea includes moderate area of un- Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent obstructed inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal substrate. shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 UUpper and inter-tidal bank-line consist of riprap and rubble, feet MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation with unstable, eroding inter-tidal slope. No riparian or channel, is used as barge moorage. marsh vegetation present. Existing structures: AAdjacent site to north includes Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 175 linear upland area used for barge cargo transshipment feet of site improvement area available. EExcavate and re- and equipment storage. Concrete piling supported grade approximately 75 linear feet existing riprap/rubble barge dock (approximately 100 feet by 60). Steel bank line to form 3:1 slope bank line suitable for placement moorage dolphins present in sub-tidal area of native riparian vegetation. Include top-of-bank berm to adjacent to site shoreline. eliminate surface water flow over top-of-bank. Install large woody debris, elevation approximately eight to 12 MLLW Habitat Statement: Site includes moderate area of un- as toe-of-slope stabilization measure. Large woody debris obstructed inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal substrate. extends approximately 100 feet north along port-owned UUpper and inter-tidal bank-line consists of riprap and waterway boundary, across high inter-tidal portions of debris. No substantial riparian vegetation present. No previously constructed WDDOT restoration site. marsh vegetation present. Site Number Eleven: South First AAvenue South BBridge, west shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.2 Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 400 linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port- Planning Area: Two owned bank line area could be re-shaped and reduced to create 10-12 feet wide, 400 feet long, inter-tidal, fine-grain Ownership: POS bank line area substrate along length of site, elevation approximately plus ten to 12 feet MLLW, parallel and landward of existing Existing Conditions: barge moorage dolphins. UUpper inter-tidal bench could be planted with emergent vegetation. Slope landward of Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank marsh planting area could receive large woody debris and approximately 20 to 21 feet MLLW. Industrial riparian vegetation arranged in slope pockets. upland development area extends to top-of-bank throughout site. BBank line consists of continuous Site Number Twelve: Cold storage warehouse/ riprap, rubble, and wood crib bulkhead structures, industrial upland site, east shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.3 with variable slope and irregular condition, Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat approximately 1:1 to 2:1 slope, extending from top-of-bank to approximately 0.0 to minus two feet Planning Area: Three MLLW. BBank line is stable. Ownership: POS bank line area Existing bank line vegetation: No riparian vegetation present, however, several trees occupy Existing Conditions: inactive areas at top-of-bank (no substantial woody vegetation). Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank approximately 18 to 19 feet MLLW. Privately held Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: industrial upland development area extends to 68 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn top-of-bank throughout site. BBank line consists of Site Number Thirteen: South Orchard Street/ continuous riprap and rubble, with pavement to Second AAvenue South, west shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.3 top-of-bank at north one-half of site. South half of Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Pocket habitat site is unpaved. BBank line is stable. Planning Area: Three Existing bank line vegetation: Minimal riparian vegetation present, however, with limited amount Ownership: POS bank line area of top-of-bank vegetation present as planted landscaping at north half of site. Several trees Existing Conditions: occupy top-of-bank at south half of site. Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: approximately 14 to 15 feet MLLW. Privately held EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 1:1 upland/marina at south margin, with north portion to 2:1 riprap, extending from top-of-bank to of site abutting public right-of-way. BBank line approximately eight feet MLLW. No marsh or algal consists of continuous rubble and debris. BBank line growth present. Mid and lower inter-tidal area, is stable. from approximately eight feet (MLLW) to minus ten feet MLLW consists of 30 to 40 feet wide Existing bank line vegetation: Minimal vegetation exposed mud/sand substrate, moderate slope, present, consisting of invasive plants and vines. No approximately 4:1 to 6:1. Some industrial debris woody vegetation present. and derelict creosote piling present. Note: heavy mooring dolphins present in sub-tidal area. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 1:1 to 2:1 Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent rubble, with some riprap, extending from top-ofshallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 bank to approximately eight feet MLLW. No marsh feet MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, or algal growth present. Mid and lower inter-tidal channel is used as barge moorage. area, from approximately eight feet (MLLW) to minus five feet MLLW includes exposed mud/sand Existing structures: UUpland area includes substrate, up to 70 feet in width, with moderate warehouse and industrial production buildings and slope, approximately 6:1 to 8:1. Some industrial structures. No dock or shoreline structures present. debris and derelict creosote piling present. Note: Creosote and steel moorage dolphins present in several mooring dolphins present in sub-tidal area. sub-tidal area adjacent to site shoreline in active use as barge and floating equipment moorage. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 feet MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation. Habitat Statement: Site includes moderate area of un- obstructed inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal substrate. Existing structures: UUpland area absent of UUpper and inter-tidal bank-line consists of riprap. No structures or improvements. Several derelict substantial riparian vegetation present. No marsh concrete foundations present. No dock or shoreline vegetation present. structures present. Creosote and steel moorage dolphins present in sub-tidal area adjacent to site Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 600 linear shoreline, with in-frequent moorage use. Note: site feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port- includes numerous stored metal structures and owned bank line area is narrow. EExcavate bank line to equipment in top-of-bank area. reduce slope, removing any rubble or debris present. Slope bank line to maximum extent possible within port-owned Habitat Statement: Site includes substantial area of un- area to create riparian planting area as graded bench obstructed inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal substrate. or pocket plantings, between 12 to 19 feet MLLW. Large UUpper and inter-tidal bank-line consists of rubble and woody debris installed as lower margin of riparian planting debris. No substantial riparian vegetation present. No area, between 12 and 14 feet MLLW. marsh vegetation present. Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 175 linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port- AppAppEnnDicicEss 69 owned bank line area includes existing upland as well as Existing structures: UUpland area includes bank line and aquatic area. EExcavate bank line, removing structures and cargo transfer improvements. BBarge rubble and derelict materials. Top-of-bank re-shaped land- cargo transfer dock present at south margin of site, ward approximately 25 feet, creating fine-grain inter-tidal with moorage dolphins present adjacent to site, substrate approximately 15 to 20 feet wide, elevation ten frequently used for barge marshalling. Over-water to 13 feet MLLW, for use as emergent vegetation planting coverage present at existing cargo dock only. area. Construct 2:1 slope shoreline with riparian vegetation extending up-slope from 13 feet MLLW to mounded berm Habitat Statement: Site includes moderate area of un- at plus 13 feet to 15 feet MLLW, for use as riparian planting obstructed inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal substrate. area. Installation of large woody debris along bank line at UUpper and inter-tidal bank-line consists of riprap and 12 to 13 feet MLLW. rubble. No substantial riparian vegetation present. No marsh vegetation present. Site Number Fourteen: North portion existing barge cargo facility, west shoreline, RRiver Mile 2.5 Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 200 linear Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Portowned area includes existing upland as well as bank line Planning Area: Three and aquatic area. EExcavate bank line, removing rubble and derelict materials. Top-of-bank re-shaped land-ward Ownership: POS bank line area approximately 15 feet, creating fine-grain inter-tidal substrate approximately 15 feet wide, elevation ten to 13 Existing Conditions: feet MLLW, for use as emergent vegetation planting area. Construct 2:1 slope shoreline with riparian vegetation Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank extending up-slope from 13 feet MLLW to top-of-bank, for approximately 15 to 18 feet MLLW. Privately owned use as riparian planting area. Installation of large woody upland barge cargo facility, with barge moorage debris along bank line at 12 to 13 feet MLLW. at south end of site, including approximately 80 feet by 120 feet dock structure, fitted with barge loading ramps. UUpland area partially paved. Shoreline consists of riprap and rubble stabilization. Site Number Fifteen: South Fontanelle Street/Fifth Toe of bank line extends to approximately six feet AAvenue South, extending upstream along derelict MLLW. BBank line is stable. industrial bank line area, west shoreline. RRiver Mile 2.6 Existing bank line vegetation: Minimal vegetation Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat present, consisting of invasive plant/vine thicket. No substantial woody vegetation present. Planning Area: Three Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: Ownership: POS bank line area EExisting inter-tidal slope approximately 1:1 to 2:1 riprap and rubble, with some riprap, extending Existing Conditions: from top-of-bank to approximately six feet MLLW. No marsh or algal growth present. Mid and lower Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank inter-tidal area, from approximately six feet approximately 14 to 15 feet MLLW. Privately held (MLLW) to minus five feet MLLW includes exposed upland industrial use area, with barge moorage mud/sand substrate, up to 40 feet in width, with at south end of site. UUpland area includes partial moderate slope, approximately 4:1 to 6:1. Some pavement and unimproved surface. Shoreline industrial debris and derelict creosote piling consists of rubble and concrete block stabilization. present. Note: several mooring dolphins present in Toe of bank line extends to approximately six feet sub-tidal area. MLLW. AAbundant industrial equipment, debris, and derelict barges/barge equipment at bank line. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 Existing bank line vegetation: V Vegetation feet MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation. generally absent. Some invasive plants at north end of shoreline. 70 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: Site Number Sixteen: South Othello Street to EExisting inter-tidal slope consists of vertical EEighth AAvenue South, east shoreline. RRiver Mile 2.6 concrete block bulkhead structures, approximately Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat 1:1 to 2:1 rubble bank line, and derelict barges and industrial equipment. Inter-tidal area includes Planning Area: Three substantial amount of spilled bulk construction materials, concrete rubble and wood/metal debris. Ownership: POS bank line area No marsh or algal growth present. Note: mid and lower inter-tidal area, from approximately six Existing Conditions: feet (MLLW) to minus five feet MLLW present as exposed substrate, between 80 to 100 feet wide, Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank with slope 8:1 to 10:1. approximately 16 to 18 feet MLLW. Privately held upland industrial use area in place at top-of-bank Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent throughout site, including paved/drained vehicle shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 use area. Shoreline consists of rubble and metal feet MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation. slag in place as riprap. Toe of bank line extends to Note: shallow sub-tidal area includes abundant approximately eight feet MLLW. industrial/marine debris. Existing bank line vegetation: V Vegetation Existing structures: UUpland area includes generally absent. Some invasive plants at north numerous structures and industrial uses and end of shoreline, with several small trees and vine activities. Personnel and light equipment transfer thicket at south end. Note: upland use area and ramp at south half of site, connecting to barge top-of-bank separated by 10 to 15 feet wide vacant platform. No moorage dolphins. Over-water area. coverage present at industrial equipment dock adjacent to south. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: EExisting inter-tidal slope consists of rubble and Habitat Statement: Site includes substantial area of inter- industrial fill shoreline with abrupt 1:1 or nearly tidal and shallow sub-tidal substrate, without permanent vertical slope. No riparian vegetation present. No structures. AAbundant debris and derelict equipment marsh or algal growth present. Substantial interobstructs aquatic area, however. UUpper and inter-tidal tidal area present extending water-ward from bank-line consists of rubble, concrete block bulkhead, and toe of rubble bank line. AApproximately 30 to 100 derelict equipment/structures. No substantial riparian feet wide inter-tidal sand/mud substrate extends vegetation present. No marsh vegetation present. from approximately eight feet MLLW to 0.0 feet MLLW, slope 10:1 to 12:1 Several derelict creosote Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 450 linear moorage dolphins and individual piling present feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port- in inter-tidal area. No over-water structures or owned area includes existing upland as well as bank line coverage present. and aquatic area. EExcavate bank line area in port ownership, removing rubble and derelict materials. Top-of-bank re- Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent shaped land-ward to match upland elevation, moving bank shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 line land-ward approximately 10 to 30 feet, depending on feet MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation. ownership with respect to filled upland area. Construct Note: no over-water coverage adjacent to site, fine-grain inter-tidal substrate approximately 15 feet with continuous moderate slope sub-tidal, wide, elevation ten to 13 feet MLLW, for use as emergent approximately 5:1 to adjoining sand/mud intervegetation planting area. Construct 2:1 slope shoreline with tidal area. riparian vegetation extending up-slope from 13 feet MLLW to top-of-bank elevation for use as riparian planting area. Existing structures: UUpland area includes Installation of large woody debris along bank line at 12 to warehouse and heavy vehicle maintenance 13 feet MLLW. structures. AAdjacent upland site in use as heavy truck maintenance, parking, and dispatch operation. No upland uses and activities linked with adjacent navigation channel access. Several moorage piling and dolphins present. Structures AppAppEnnDicicEss 71 un-used at present, however. approximately 4:1 extending water-ward from 10 feet MLLW approximately 30-35 feet to 0.0. No Habitat Statement: Site includes substantial inter-tidal over-water structures or coverage present. EExposed and shallow sub-tidal substrate, without permanent inter-tidal area is industrial fill and riprap debris. structures. AAquatic area generally clear of industrial debris or relic materials. UUpper and inter-tidal bank-line consists Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent of rubble and industrial fill material. No substantial riparian shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 vegetation present. No marsh vegetation present. feet MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, is 3:1 to 4:1 slope. No over-water coverage adjacent Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 700 linear to this site, moorage dolphins present, however. feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Portowned area, including existing upland, bank line, and Existing structures: UUpland area includes marine aquatic area proposed for excavation and re-grading. cargo dock extending along north margin of Slip EExcavate bank line area in port ownership, removing rubble 4 and to southeast corner of present site. UUpland and industrial fill.DDisplace top-of-bank land-ward five to area includes pavement/drainage as heavy vehicle 20 feet, depending on ownership. Create low bank riparian and cargo use area. Note: all cargo transfer at Slip vegetation area five to 15 feet in with, elevation 13 feet 4 margin, with over-bank activity at DDuwamish MLLW to top-of-bank. Large woody debris placed between Waterway margin. 13 and 14 feet MLLW. Land-ward 2:1 to 3:1 slope receives native riparian vegetation, with top-of-slope berm to Habitat Statement: Site includes comparatively abrupt prevent surface water flow over bank line. inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal slopes, with rocky/cobble substrate. No over-water structures present. No riparian or Site Number Seventeen: Southwest corner, EEighth marsh vegetation present. AAvenue South, east shoreline. RRiver Mile 2.8 Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 100 linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port- Planning Area: Three owned bank line and narrow upland strip could be resloped. EExcavate bank line to remove rubble and re-shape Ownership: POS bank line area profile 13 feet to 20 feet MLLW to receive native riparian vegetation. Top-of-bank moved land-ward approximately Existing Conditions: five to ten feet.RR iparian vegetation provides native shoreline feature at northwest corner Slip 4. Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank approximately 18 to 20 feet MLLW. Port-owned bank line adjacent to privately operated barge cargo dock and cargo transfer site. EExisting Site Number Eighteen: Southwest corner, Slip 4 shoreline includes rubble, metal slag, metal and and adjacent up-stream bank line, east shoreline. timber debris, and riprap slope adjacent to cargo RRiver Mile 3.0 dock at northwest margin Slip 4. Toe of bank line Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat extends to approximately 10 feet MLLW. Planning Area: Three Existing bank line vegetation: V Vegetation generally absent, with only invasive plants. Ownership: POS bank line area Note: EEighth AAvenue South street-end includes substantial top-of-bank vegetation, placed during Existing Conditions: past 15 years as modest shoreline restoration site. Present site includes bank line south of street-end. Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank approximately 18 to 20 feet MLLW. Port-owned Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: bank line and top-of-bank upland adjacent to EExisting inter-tidal slope consists of rubble, privately owned upland. EExisting shoreline consists industrial fill, and riprap, slope 1:1 to 2:1. No of constructed, uniform riprap 2:1 slope, with toe of riparian vegetation present. No marsh or algal riprap approximately six feet MLLW. growth present. Inter-tidal area present as rubble/ riprap slope above 10 feet MLLW, and slope Existing bank line vegetation: V V 72 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn present at top-of-bank, included native riparian South Kenyon Street, west shoreline. RRiver Mile 3.0 and landscape vegetation placed as element of Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat previous upland development. Note: riparian vegetation at top-of-bank only, with exposed Planning Area: Three riprap slope in all water-ward slope areas. Ownership: POS bank line area Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: EExisting inter-tidal slope includes 2:1 heavy riprap Existing Conditions: slope. No marsh or algal growth present. Inter-tidal area at toe of riprap slope includes exposed sand/ Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank mud substrate, with limited portions of native approximately 18 to 19 feet MLLW. Port-owned sediment present. Inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal bank line and narrow top-of-bank upland adjacent substrate extends 30 to 40 feet water-ward from to privately owned upland. EExisting shoreline toe of riprap to 0.0 MLLW, 9:1 to 10.1 slope. No consists of concrete rubble, industrial materials over-water structures or coverage present. Inter- used as riprap, and debris at approximately 1:1 tidal area clear of debris. slope, with some areas approaching vertical. Toe of slope extends to approximately plus ten feet MLLW. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 Existing bank line vegetation: Limited vegetation feet MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, present at top-of-bank, generally invasive plants is 3:1 to 4:1 slope. No over-water coverage adjacent and vine thicket. to this site, with single moorage dolphin at downstream margin. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: EExisting inter-tidal slope includes 1:1 irregular Existing structures: UUpland area includes industrial rubble slope. No marsh or algal growth present. building, surrounded by landscaped parking and Inter-tidal area at toe of riprap slope includes employee use area. Landscaping at top-of-bank exposed sand/mud substrate. Inter-tidal and includes riparian vegetation. Note: surface water shallow sub-tidal substrate extends up to 60 feet control structures in existing upland area include water-ward from toe of riprap to 0.0 MLLW, 9:1 to exposed drainage collection swales/retention 10.1 slope. No over-water structures or coverage features, discharging over top-of-bank. present. Inter-tidal area includes industrial debris. Moorage dolphins serving dock at north end of site Habitat Statement: Site includes uniform riprap bank line, in active use. with no over-water structures present. RRiprap slope extends landward from substantial exposed inter-tidal and shallow Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent sub-tidal aquatic area. RRiparian vegetation in place ten to shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 15 feet land-ward of top-of-bank. No riparian present in feet MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation, shoreline slope areas. No marsh vegetation present. is 3:1 to 4:1 slope. No over-water coverage adjacent to this site in form of dock structure, however, Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 1050 moorage dolphins at sub-tidal margin of site. linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port-owned bank line and narrow upland strip could be Existing structures: UUpland area includes industrial re-sloped. EExcavate bank line to remove portions of riprap building, approximately 130 feet long, 60 feet wide slope and re-shape profile land-ward approximately 40 concrete dock, and paved upland area. EExisting feet. Construct inter-tidal fine-grain substrate bench dock, located north of site, used for cargo transfer. (approximately 30 feet wide, elevation plus ten to 13 feet UUpland area includes bulk cargo and equipment MLLW) for use as emergent vegetation area. EEstablish storage. Site also used as metal re-cycling yard. riparian vegetation from elevation plus 13 feet to 20 feet MLLW. Install large woody debris throughout, elevation 12 Habitat Statement: Site includes irregular rubble bank to 13 feet MLLW. line, with no over-water structures present. RRubble slope ends at land-ward margin of substantial exposed inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal aquatic area. No riparian or marsh vegetation present. Site Number Nineteen: South Chicago Street to AppAppEnnDicicEss 73 Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 475 Existing structures: UUpland area includes linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. residential uses, open yard, and right-of-way street- Port-owned bank line and narrow upland strip re- ends. sloped, removing rubble, and establishing top-of-bank approximately 10 to 15 feet land ward. Construct inter-tidal Habitat Statement: Site includes irregular rubble bank fine-grain substrate bench (approximately 10 feet wide, line, changing in character among private parcels and elevation plus ten to 13 feet MLLW) for use as emergent street-ends. No over-water structures present. RRubble slope vegetation area. EEstablish riparian vegetation from ends at land-ward margin of substantial exposed inter-tidal elevation plus 13 feet to 19 feet MLLW. Install large woody and shallow sub-tidal aquatic area. No riparian or marsh debris plus 12 to 13 feet MLLW. vegetation present. Site Number Twenty: South Park Neighborhood Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 850 street ends: South Kenyon Street, South EElmgrove linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Street, South Southern Street, and South RRose Port-owned bank line and narrow upland ownership re- Street, west shoreline. RRiver Mile 3.2 sloped, removing rubble, and establishing top-of-bank Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat approximately 10 to 15 feet land-ward. DDimensions and shape of bank line could be irregular, consistent with Planning Area: Three existing residential structures and street-end availability. Construct inter-tidal fine-grain substrate bench, variable Ownership: POS bank line area in width, elevation plus ten to 13 feet MLLW, for use as emergent vegetation area. EEstablish riparian vegetation Existing Conditions: from elevation plus 13 feet to 16 feet MLLW. Install large woody debris plus 12 to 13 feet MLLW. Include public Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank access to restored shoreline in street-end areas. approximately 16 feet MLLW. Port-owned bank line and narrow top-of-bank upland adjacent to Site Number Twenty-one: Industrial Structure privately owned residential lots and public right- (Plant 2) north of South Park BBridge, east shoreline. of-way street-ends. EExisting shoreline consists RRiver Mile 3.2 of concrete rubble, other riprap-like rubble, and Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat debris at approximately 1:1 slope, with some areas approaching vertical. Toe of slope extends to Planning Area: Three approximately plus eight to ten feet MLLW. Ownership: POS aquatic area Existing bank line vegetation: Limited vegetation present at top-of-bank as landscape vegetation Existing Conditions: and invasive plants/vine thickets. Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: occupied by existing piling supported industrial EExisting inter-tidal slope includes irregular, abrupt building. BBuilding west margin co-linear with rubble slope. No marsh or algal growth present. waterway boundary. Piling supported building Inter-tidal area at toe of riprap slope includes margin at approximately plus 4 to 6 feet MLLW. substantial exposed sand/mud substrate. Intertidal and shallow sub-tidal substrate extends up to Existing bank line vegetation: Top-of-bank 60 feet water-ward from toe of rubble slope to 0.0 present as west margin of existing piling supported MLLW, 9:1 to 10.1 slope. No over-water structures or industrial structure. No vegetation present. coverage present. No cargo or active marine uses present. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: EExisting inter-tidal are consists of sand/mud Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent substrate along east shoreline of waterway. shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 EExposed inter-tidal substrate is low slope, with feet MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation, exposed tide flat conditions, approximately 70 to is 3:1 to 4:1 slope. No over-water coverage adjacent 90 feet between plus four to six feet MLLW and 0.0 to this site. MLLW, slope eight to ten percent. No marsh or algal growth present. Inter-tidal is free of riprap or other 74 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn debris. Several timber dolphin structures present, EExposed inter-tidal substrate is low slope, with however, no moorage use of area is evident. No exposed tide flat conditions, approximately 50 cargo or active marine uses present. to 60 feet between plus two feet MLLW and 0.0 MLLW, slope five percent. No marsh or algal growth Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent present. Inter-tidal is free of riprap or other debris. shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 10 No moorage use or active marine uses present. feet MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, is approximately 5:1 slope. No over-water coverage Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent adjacent to this site. shallow sub-tidal area, extending from minus 0.0 feet MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, Existing structures: UUpland area includes is approximately 5:1 to 8:1 slope. No over-water continuous industrial building edge, piling coverage adjacent to this site. supported. Existing structures: U Upland area includes continuous Habitat Statement: Site margin consists of piling industrial building edge, piling supported. supported industrial building. Note: inter-tidal conditions extend beneath structure, with over-water coverage east of Habitat Statement: Site margin consists of piling port ownership area. No over-water structures present, in supported industrial building. Note: inter-tidal conditions port-owned aquatic area, however. Substantial inter-tidal extend beneath structure, with over-water coverage east of and shallow sub-tidal exposed sand/mud substrate present. port ownership area. No over-water structures present, in No riparian or marsh vegetation present. port-owned aquatic area, however. Substantial inter-tidal and shallow sub-tidal exposed sand/mud substrate present. Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 900 No riparian or marsh vegetation present. linear feet exposed sand/mud substrate proposed for improvement. Port-owned aquatic area receives continuous Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 1100 large woody debris, placed between plus two and four linear feet exposed sand/mud substrate proposed for feet MLLW. Large woody debris serves as inter-tidal improvement. Port-owned aquatic area receives continuous enhancement and protects adjacent upland structure from large woody debris, placed between plus two and four vessel wake energy. feet MLLW. Large woody debris serves as inter-tidal enhancement and protects adjacent upland structure from Site Number Twenty-two (A): Industrial bank line, vessel wake energy. south portion of Plant 2 and south of South Park BBridge, east shoreline. RRiver Mile 3.5 Site Number Twenty-two (B): South of south Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat portion, Plant 2, south of South Park BBridge, west shoreline. RRiver Mile 3.5 Planning Area: Four Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat site Ownership: POS aquatic are only Planning Area: four Existing Conditions: Ownership: POS bank line area Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank Existing Conditions: occupied by existing piling supported industrial building. BBuilding west margin co-linear with Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank waterway boundary. Piling supported building approximately 16 to 18 feet MLLW. Port-owned margin at approximately plus 2 feet MLLW. bank line and narrow top-of-bank upland adjacent to privately owned upland. EExisting shoreline Existing bank line vegetation: Top-of-bank consists of riprap and concrete rubble, exposed present as west margin of existing piling supported slope, at approximately 1:1. Toe of slope extends to industrial structure. No vegetation present. approximately plus six feet MLLW. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: Existing bank line vegetation: Limited vegetation EExisting inter-tidal are consists of sand/mud present at top-of-bank, generally invasive plants substrate along east shoreline of waterway. and vine thicket. AppAppEnnDicicEss 75 Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: Existing bank line vegetation: No riparian or EExisting inter-tidal slope includes 1:1 irregular marsh vegetation present at site. Top-of-bank riprap and rubble slope. No marsh or algal includes invasive plants and vines. growth present. Inter-tidal area at toe of riprap slope includes narrow band exposed sand/mud Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: substrate, less than 20 feet, slope 5:1. EExposed inter-tidal substrate consists of rubble material, derived from eroding bank line areas. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent AArea water-ward of bulkhead is cobble and sand shallow sub-tidal area, extending from 0.0 feet substrate. Mud/sand substrate present below MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, is approximately plus four feet MLLW, slope 4:1 to 5:1, 3:1 to 4:1 slope. extending to west margin DDuwamish Waterway channel. No marsh or substantial algal vegetation Existing structures: UUpland area includes adjacent present. industrial buildings, however, top-of-bank and immediate upland area has no structures present. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: Sub-tidal Pavement is irregular land-ward of top-of-bank. conditions include approximately 3:1 side slope of DDuwamish Waterway channel. Habitat Statement: Site includes riprap and rubble bank line, with no over-water structures present. Narrow band of Existing structures: No dock or pier structures exposed inter-tidal substrate present, between plus six and present, with approximately 750 linear feet 0.0 feet MLLW. No riparian or marsh vegetation present at exposed shoreline. AApproximately five feet wide this site or in adjacent areas of east bank line. un-paved top-of-bank area present, with remaining area of site consisting of impervious surface. Two Potential RRestoration AActions: AApproximately 275 linear steel-frame warehouse buildings present totaling feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port- approximately 19,500 square feet. AA third, woodowned bank line and narrow upland strip re-sloped, framed, storage building is present, approximately removing riprap and rubble, and establishing top-of-bank 2600 square feet. approximately 20 to 25 feet land ward. Construct bench at approximately plus ten to 13 feet MLLW, ten feet wide, Habitat Statement: Inter-tidal area at site includes for use as emergent vegetation area. EEstablish riparian moderate slope, exposed medium grain substrate, at west vegetation from elevation plus 13 feet to 18 feet MLLW. margin of DDuwamish Waterway channel. This portion of the Install large woody debris plus 12 to 13 feet MLLW as slope DDuwamish Waterway includes substantial adjacent exposed protection measure. inter-tidal substrate. AArea does not include significant marsh or riparian vegetation. Site Number Twenty-three: Terminal 117, west shoreline. RRiver Mile 3.7 Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 750 linear Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Hub habitat feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. RRemove existing buildings and wood crib bulkhead and excavate Planning Area: four existing filled upland area land-ward from approximately nine feet MLLW to expose approximately 2.5 acres inter- Ownership: POS bank line area tidal area. RRe-graded site could include approximately 0.7 acres un-vegetated mud/sand substrate (plus nine feet to Existing Conditions: 10.5 feet MLLW) and approximately 1.8 acres suitable for establishing marsh vegetation (plus 10.5 to 12 feet MLLW). Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank RRestoration site could include approximately 0.45 acres approximately 15 to 18 feet MLLW. EEntire bank line riparian shoreline planting, between plus 12 feet MLLW and consists of past industrial fill activities and includes new top-of-bank. areas of riprap, concrete rubble, creosote timber bulkhead, and eroded bank. AArea between top- AAdjacent UUpland "Terminal 117" Parcel: It will be essential of-bank and approximately 11 to 11.5 feet MLLW for agency and natural resource trustee participants, the is nearly vertical in profile. Wood crib bulkhead City of Seattle, and the port to collaborate in planning is vertical, top elevation approximately nine feet and design of effective site cleanup and aquatic habitat MLLW and toe of bulkhead approximately four to restoration at Terminal 117. 4.5 feet MLLW. 76 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Site Number Twenty-four: Industrial bank line MLLW. Install large woody debris plus 10 to 13 feet MLLW as (Jorgensen Forge), east shoreline. RRiver Mile 3.7 slope transition structure as for shoreline protection. Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Site Number Twenty-five: RR esearch facility campus, Planning Area: four west shoreline. RRiver Mile 3.8 Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Ownership: POS bank line area Planning Area: four Existing Conditions: Ownership: POS bank line area Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank approximately 20 to 24 feet MLLW. Port-owned bank Existing Conditions: line and narrow top-of-bank upland adjacent to privately owned upland. EExisting shoreline consists Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank is of vertical steel and treated timber bulkhead, top- variable, approximately 20 to 24 feet MLLW. Portof-bank includes industrial building and heavy owned bank line and narrow top-of-bank upland industrial uses and activities. Toe of bulkhead adjacent to privately owned upland. Top-of-bank extends to approximately plus ten feet MLLW. is vacant, with landscaped open space. BBank line is abrupt, consisting of dense un-stabilized industrial Existing bank line vegetation: No shoreline fill. No riprap present and small amounts of rubble vegetation, limited amounts of invasive plants and evident at water-ward edge of slope, approximately vine thicket. plus ten feet MLLW Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: Existing bank line vegetation: UUpland and top-of- EExisting inter-tidal slope includes vertical bulkhead bank includes landscape use area, serving as open surface. AArea water-ward of ten feet MLLW includes space for adjacent facility. Cottonwood and alder substantial band sand/mud substrate, up to 60 feet growth present at top-of-bank. between ten feet MLLW and 0.0 MLLW, slope 10:1. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent EExisting inter-tidal slope includes abrupt dense fill shallow sub-tidal area, extending from 0.0 feet slope. Ten to 14 feet nearly vertical slope subject to MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, is 3:1 erosion. AArea water-ward of ten feet MLLW includes to 4:1 slope. substantial cobble and sand/mud substrate, up to 60 feet in width between ten feet MLLW and 0.0 Existing structures: UUpland area includes adjacent MLLW, slope 10:1. industrial buildings, placed in port ownership bank line. Pavement is irregular land-ward of top-of- Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent bank. No active cargo or marine uses present. shallow sub-tidal area, extending from 0.0 feet MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation, is Habitat Statement: Site includes vertical inter-tidal bank 3:1 to 4:1 slope. line, with no over-water structures present. Substantial band of exposed inter-tidal substrate present, between Existing structures: UUpland area includes adjacent plus ten and 0.0 feet MLLW. No riparian or marsh vegetation buildings, paved parking, and top-of-bank present at this site or in adjacent areas of east bank line. landscaping, with pathway and seating. No active cargo or marine uses present. Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 650 linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Habitat Statement: Site includes vertical, un-stabilized Port-owned bank line and narrow upland strip re-sloped, upper bank line, with no over-water structures present. removing vertical bulkhead and top-of-bank structures, Inter-tidal area below approximately plus 12 feet MLLW establishing top-of-bank approximately 40 feet land ward. is without riprap or other protection. Substantial band of Construct bench at approximately plus ten to 13 feet MLLW, exposed inter-tidal substrate present, between plus ten ten feet wide, for use as emergent vegetation area. EEstablish and 0.0 feet MLLW. RRiparian vegetation at top-of-bank and riparian vegetation from elevation plus 13 feet to 20 feet some recruitment of woody debris takes place as result of bank line erosion. No marsh vegetation present at site. AppAppEnnDicicEss 77 Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 600 linear Habitat Statement: Site includes vertical inter-tidal bank feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port- line, with no over-water structures present. Substantial owned bank line and upland strip re-sloped, re-grading band of exposed inter-tidal substrate present, between plus vertical portion of upper bank line and shifting bank line four and 0.0 feet MLLW. No riparian or marsh vegetation land-ward approximately 15 feet. RRiparian slope at 2:1 present at this site or in adjacent areas of east bank line. installed and planted. New lower slope prepared for ten feet wide band emergent vegetation, elevation ten to Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 375 13 feet MLLW. Continuous margin of large woody debris linear feet exposed sand/mud substrate proposed for installed between 13 and 14 feet MLLW at base of newly improvement. Port-owned aquatic area receives continuous contoured slope. large woody debris, placed between plus two and four feet MLLW. Large woody debris serves as inter-tidal Site Number Twenty-six: UUpland industrial facility enhancement and protects adjacent upland structure from (BBoeing/Thompson), east shoreline. RRiver Mile 3.8 vessel wake energy. Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Site Number Twenty-seven: UUpland industrial Planning Area: four facility, east shoreline. RRiver Mile 4.3 Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Ownership: POS bank line area Planning Area: four Existing Conditions: Ownership: POS bank line area Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank generally uniform due to bulkhead structure. Existing Conditions: Port-owned bank line and very narrow top-ofbank upland adjacent to privately owned upland. Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of- EExisting shoreline consists of combined steel and bank generally uniform due to vertical bulkhead treated timber bulkhead, top-of-bank includes structure. Port-owned bank line and very narrow industrial buildings, pavement, equipment top-of-bank upland area adjacent to privately storage, and parking. Toe of bulkhead extends to owned upland. EExisting shoreline consists of approximately plus four feet MLLW. combined steel and treated timber bulkhead, topof-bank includes industrial buildings, pavement, Existing bank line vegetation: No shoreline equipment storage, and parking. Toe of bulkhead vegetation, limited amounts of invasive plants and extends to approximately plus four feet MLLW. vine thicket. Existing bank line vegetation: No shoreline Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: vegetation, limited amounts of invasive plants and EExisting inter-tidal slope includes vertical bulkhead vine thicket. surface. AArea water-ward of four feet MLLW includes substantial band sand/mud substrate, up Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: to 80 feet between ten feet MLLW and 0.0 MLLW, EExisting inter-tidal slope includes vertical bulkhead slope 10:1 to 12:1. surface. AAquatic area water-ward of four feet MLLW includes substantial band sand/mud substrate, up Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent to 80 feet in width, between plus four feet MLLW shallow sub-tidal area, extending from 0.0 feet and 0.0 MLLW, slope 10:1 to 12:1. MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, is 3:1 to 4:1 slope. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent shallow sub-tidal area, extending from 0.0 feet Existing structures: U Upland area includes adjacent MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation industrial buildings, with limited top-of-bank channel, is 3:1 to 4:1 slope. ownership. Pavement and structures throughout upland area. No active cargo or marine uses present. Existing structures: UUpland area includes adjacent industrial buildings, with limited public topof-bank ownership. Pavement and structures throughout upland area. No active cargo or marine 78 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn uses present. Habitat Statement: Site includes riprap and rubble bank line, with no over-water structures present. Narrow band Habitat Statement: Site includes vertical inter-tidal bank of exposed inter-tidal substrate present, between plus ten line, with no over-water structures present. Substantial and 0.0 feet MLLW. Small amount marsh vegetation present band of exposed inter-tidal substrate present, between plus north of site, outside port ownership. four and 0.0 feet MLLW. No riparian or marsh vegetation present at this site or in adjacent areas of east bank line. Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 275 linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. Port- Potential Restoration Actions: Improve approximately owned bank line re-shaped to create 2:1 stable slope. BBank 325 linear feet exposed sand/mud substrate at north line receives native riparian vegetation. Water-ward margin portion of site. Port-owned aquatic area at toe of existing of slope, between plus ten and 13 feet MLLW, receives large bulkhead structure receives continuous large woody debris, woody debris as bank line stabilization measure. placed between plus two and four feet MLLW. Large woody debris serves as inter-tidal enhancement and protects Site Number Twenty-nine: Former industrial site adjacent upland structure from vessel wake energy. and barge moorage (Container Properties), east shoreline. RRiver Mile 4.1 Site Number Twenty-eight: Sea King Industrial Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Park, west shoreline. RRiver Mile 4.0 Planning Area: Four Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Ownership: POS aquatic area Planning Area: four Existing Conditions: Ownership: POS bank line area Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank Existing Conditions: occupied by fill upland area. Port ownership consists of existing inter-tidal area, no upland Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank present. approximately 20 feet MLLW. Port-owned bank line adjacent to privately owned upland. EExisting Existing bank line vegetation: No upland shoreline consists of riprap and rubble, exposed vegetation present. slope, at approximately 1:1. Toe of slope extends to approximately plus ten feet MLLW. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: EExisting inter-tidal area consists of sand/mud Existing bank line vegetation: Limited vegetation substrate along east shoreline of waterway. EExposed present at top-of-bank, generally invasive plants inter-tidal substrate is low slope, with exposed tide and vine thicket. flat conditions. AArea in port ownership includes 20-40 feet at east margin of navigation channel Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: slope. Tide flat area in private ownership includes EExisting inter-tidal slope includes 1:1 irregular approximately 130 to 150 additional width tide flat. riprap and rubble slope. No marsh or algal EElevation 0.0 to plus ten feet. growth present. Inter-tidal area at toe of riprap slope includes modest band exposed sand/mud Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent substrate, approximately 40 feet, slope 4:1. shallow sub-tidal area, extending from plus two feet MLLW to east margin of DDuwamish navigation, Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent is approximately 5:1 slope. Over-water coverage shallow sub-tidal area, extending from 0.0 feet at site consists of derelict timber skeleton pier, MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation, is previously uses for bulk liquid cargo transfer. 3:1 to 4:1 slope. Existing structures: UUpland area in adjacent upland Existing structures: UUpland area includes adjacent area. Port ownership is up to 150 feet water-ward of industrial buildings, however, top-of-bank and bank line immediate upland area includes storm water retention pond and over-flow weir. No pavement. AppAppEnnDicicEss 79 Habitat Statement: Site consists entirely of existing Habitat Statement: Site includes riprap bank line, with inter-tidal exposed sand/mud substrate at east margin no over-water structures present. Substantial band of of navigation channel. Note: inter-tidal conditions exposed inter-tidal substrate present, between plus ten extend approximately 150 feet east in private ownership. and 0.0 feet MLLW. No marsh vegetation and limited Substantial tide flat area at site. No riparian or marsh riparian features present. vegetation present. Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 1050 linear Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 800 feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. EExcavate linear feet exposed sand/mud substrate proposed for total of 650 linear feet in two locations, creating 2:1 slope improvement. Port-owned aquatic area receives continuous between ten feet and 22 feet MLLW, moving top-of-bank large woody debris, placed between plus two and four up to 15 feet land-ward, consistent with ownership. Create feet MLLW. Large woody debris serves as inter-tidal approximately 650 linear feet, ten feet, emergent planting enhancement, providing slack water, off-channel habitat. bench, plus ten to 13 feet MLLW. AArea up-slope of emergent planting area and additional 400 linear feet of shoreline Site Number Thirty: BBoeing facility campus and receives riparian vegetation. industrial park, east shoreline. RRiver Mile 4.6 Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Site Number Thirty-one: Seattle City Light substation, west shoreline. RRiver Mile 4.6 Planning Area: four Habitat Restoration Opportunity: Corridor habitat Ownership: POS bank line area Planning Area: four Existing Conditions: Ownership: POS bank line area Bank line slope and configuration: Top-of-bank Existing Conditions: approximately 21 to 22 feet MLLW. Port-owned bank line and top-of-bank adjacent to privately Bank line slope and configuration: Narrow top- owned upland. EExisting shoreline consists of of-bank margin, approximately 18 feet MLLW. Portexposed riprap, exposed slope, at approximately owned bank line adjacent to substation upland use 1:1. Toe of slope extends to approximately plus ten area. EExisting shoreline consists of exposed riprap feet MLLW. slope, at approximately 1:1. Toe of slope extends to approximately plus two to four feet MLLW. Existing bank line vegetation: Limited vegetation present at top-of-bank, generally invasive plants/ Existing bank line vegetation: Limited vegetation vine thicket, with some deciduous trees. present at top-of-bank, generally invasive plants/ vine thicket, with several large woody trees. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: EExisting inter-tidal slope includes 1:1 riprap slope. Existing inter-tidal substrate and vegetation: No marsh or algal growth present. Inter-tidal area EExisting inter-tidal slope includes 1:1 riprap slope. at toe of riprap slope includes substantial band No marsh or algal growth present. Inter-tidal area exposed sand/mud substrate, approximately 80 at toe of riprap slope includes little exposed sand/ feet, slope 5:1 to 6:1. mud substrate. Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent Existing shallow sub-tidal conditions: AAdjacent shallow sub-tidal area, extending from 0.0 feet shallow sub-tidal area, extending from 0.0 feet MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation MLLW to west margin of DDuwamish navigation channel and turning basin. channel and turning basin. Existing structures: UUpland area includes adjacent Existing structures: No adjacent upland area in industrial buildings. Top-of-bank and immediate port ownership. UUpland site includes adjacent upland area paved/drained upland. industrial sitesubstation use. Top-of-bank and immediate upland area unpaved. 80 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn Habitat Statement: Site includes riprap bank line, with no over-water structures present. Little exposed inter-tidal substrate present, between plus ten and 0.0 feet MLLW. No marsh vegetation and limited riparian features present. Potential Restoration Actions: AApproximately 625 linear feet of site bank line proposed for improvement. RRe-shape lower inter-tidal riprap slope to include fine-grain substrate bench, elevation plus ten to 13 feet MLLW, five to ten feet in width, suitable for placing emergent vegetation. AArea below plus ten MLLW remains as riprap slope. AArea in port control above plus 13 feet MLLW receives riparian vegetation. AppAppEnnDicicEss 81 Appendix 2 Opportunities on Port property near future BBluefield sites should be pursued and represent an important partnership potential Opportunities on Port property near other public-and private sites also important Workshop Meeting Notes The top of the topographic break (often the constructed top of banks is a key feature at both the Note: The Port conducted a series of three planning workshops site and reach scale in an effort to encourage collaborative public involvement. The workshops were structured to each examine different How you treat the top of bank will drive the type and aspects of planning for habitat projects on Port-owned land. distribution of created habitat and the related cost and References in the following notes to potential projects on land impact to properties. not owned by the Port are included for completeness of the record. However, it is not the intent of the Port to direct habitat UUpland habitat provides important inputs and benefits planning for any land not owned by the Port. for the RRiver and should not be discounted. Workshop #1 Meeting Notes UUpland habitat enhancement can be an important and cost effective strategy in locations, particularly where this habitat is lacking. Restoration Plan Framework, Objectives and Opportunities The presence and distribution of different types of habitat should be considered when deciding what to do at a particular site South Park Neighborhood Center II. Mapping Exercise Input July 10, 2008 I. General comments a. Section # 1 Corridor bank treatment along vacant portion Projects in restoration plan should reflect the priorities of Terminal #108 that will be established through the Lower DDuwamish RRiver Natural RResource Trustees/NOM process to ensure UUpland enhancement of Kellogg Island they are eligible for resource damage credits. Creation of enhanced large pocket or hub at Priorities include: marsh/ intertidal and shallow subtidal Kellogg Island, particularly north tip and low habitats, with salmon being the species of greatest tide crossing near SW corner concern. DDaylight of Puget Creek and related pocket on EEnhancements for salmon often provide benefits for Port property and private party enhancement other fish and wildlife opportunity Kellogg Island provides good habitat currently and has Corridor enhancement potential, but issues been the site-of lots of research with fill/ on active portion of Port property north of LaFarge Focus should be on areas further upstream on the Lower DDuwamish where there is less habitat Private enhancement potential on LaFarge shoreline west and north of active terminal Stormwater treatment ponds on public and private sites that discharge to the LDDK represent an important opportunity (e.g. WSDDOT cloverleaf) 82 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn b. Section #2 Private opportunity for stormwater pond enhancement on SeaKing site Potential Port and public pocket and corridor private pocket between DDelta and Marina opportunities at and north of 1st AAve. So BBridge near small marina Private pocket at head of old oxbow inlet at Museum of Flight site EExtensive opportunities Pocket enhancement opportunities on at Turning BBasin #3/ including south of City private sites in old oxbow inlets NEE of Hale's Light substation, Port properties and public construction and near Glacier Marine Services and private sites Corridor enhancements at Terminal 115 III. Site Specific Locations for Future Study Corridor and pocket enhancement opportunities at early action site north of Terminal 117 (subject of ongoing related effort) BBoyer Towing Turning BBasin #3 EEnhancement opportunities in historic marsh, related drainage and in constructed storm 8th AAver S. Georgetown Site ponds near WSDDOT cloverleaf and RROW lands DDuwamish RRiver RRevival Site in South Park c. Cal Section #3 BBoeing Public AAccess Site (potential reconfiguration) Corridor enhancements on Port property and opportunities for private partnership near Other sites with BBluefield nexus BBoeing Plan 2 and related public access site Corridor, pocket Port and private partnership opportunities at and north of Slip #4 (Crowley and Puget Sound Truck Lines) Workshop #2 Meeting Notes Potential for green corridor extending north Habitat Project Opportunities of the head of slip #4 on private and public lands south of Georgetown Georgetown Ballroom Corridor enhancements on Port-property near Hurlen July 16, 2008 South Park enhancements, including pockets I. Public Comments on Opportunities, Needs and corridors on Port property DDuwamish and Constraints Discussion RRiver RRevival site and private partnership opportunities a. Section #1 (Harbor Island to AAlaska Marine Lines) d. Section #4 AAre there ways we can connect the habitats around Kellogg Island to upland habitats in EExtensive corridor enhancement adjacent green belt? opportunities on Port lands adjacent to non- West Marginal Way a major barrier to water dependent uses on right bank connecting habitats Focus should be on connecting surface Corridors and pockets at Terminal 1 17 and waters south on non-water dependent sites on For example, provide a surface connection left bank on Port property and on BBoeing and enhancement of Puget Creek as a property corridor to connect b. Section #2 (AAlaska Marine Lines to Hurlen Private opportunity at BBoeing South Park Construction) AppAppEnnDicicEss 83 Importance of area near SRR 509 BBridge and AAt 2.5 acres this site is one of the largest WSDDOT interchange single sites in the estuary Limited existing habitat in this area Site is a key access point for viewing the river EExtensive water dependent uses in this reach and habitat Old oxbows are key features and potential Central feature of the site is a pump station enhancement sites for an old steam plant, but many of the c. Section #3 (Hurlen Construction to 16th AAve. South) opportunities are adjacent Idea is to pull back, reconfigure and soften Importance of creating and enhancing existing bank to expand intertidal area and connections to communities of South Park upland planting area and perhaps create off and Georgetown in this reach channel area as well DDesigns should incorporate public access Substantial enhancement would require where possible public and private partnerships DDesigns should incorporate interpretive Paths near shoreline should be integrated opportunities (e.g. downstream on Puget Sound Truck Lines South Park is located along river for length of site) community DDesire to retain the knoll area as a view area AAlthough Georgetown residential area is and regrade the area east of it separated from the river by EEast Marginal "Wild card" idea to create a off channel slough Way South and industrial properties, the area north on in 8th AAve AAve. S. RROW community values its proximity and existing Is it possible to pull shoreline in beyond opportunities to access the river pump house? AAdditional and enhanced access desired by Others thought that this site was a good Georgetown residents viewpoint and might be important as a future Importance of 8th AAve. S. and BBoeing public are for a viewpoint, kiosk access sites Habitat enhancement at this site mush follow Public access improves stewardship and remediation efforts creates connection to community Large plume of contaminants in subtidal area d. Section #4 (16th AAve. South to Turning BBasin) Some workshop participants felt it would be a benefit to reintroduce some fresh surface Importance of this area as a ecological waters to the RRiver through this site through transition zone (physiological change and enhanced bioswales in the RROW and on juvenile salmon) adjacent sites Shallow benches are important in this area, One constraint is quality of fill debris on more are needed and some already exist steeper banks Some participants felt that projects in this b. BBoeing Public AAccess Site area offered the "biggest bang for the buck" and that projects in this reach should be Pull back bank create planting bench at a prioritized minimum EExtensive non-water dependent properties in Plant emergent vegetation this area represent significant opportunities Private partnership would yield a broader for restoration and that should be reflected in restoration, perhaps create marsh the priorities Knoll at northwest corner important Public access needs better signage, entrance and connectivity to community II. Focus Sites Design Exercise: Public Comment Opportunity to connect existing surface Summary swales on the site c. Turning BBasin #3 a. 8th AAve. South Site This site offers a big bang for the buck The Port, BBluefield, City (also including SDDOT) Combine corridor opportunities with off all have an interest in what happens at this channel habitat site and this represents an opportunity for EExpand existing large habitat patch partnership Site is important for thermal refuge, intertidal 84 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn habitat and sediment collection Workshop #3 Meeting Notes Site is problematic for public access to location of West Marginal Way and utilities Establishing Priorities and Crafting Imple- along left bank and controlled access on right mentation Strategies bank DDesire to provide bike path connections but "pinch point" along West Marginal Way makes South Park Neighborhood Center this tough (location of sewer line as well) EExtensive bank and corridor enhancement July 24, 2008 opportunities along right bank adjacent to BBoeing DDevelopment Center AAlso opportunities for stormwater I. Participant Comments on Project Recap and enhancements on right bank Report Outline Ideas Previous enhancements along left bank serve as a good model DDesire to see something different than and in addition Muckleshoot Tribe has important fishing and to the "green dots" used in the working project direct land ownership rights/interests in this maps that only indicate project location. Participant area understands that this project won't include actual EExisting Seattle City Light substation use on designs at individual sites, but wants more detail to left bank is a major constraint to any real bank respond to about what will occur at these sites. re-alignment there Some participants advocated a "wild card" DDesire to see the bathymetric data before this meeting idea to move turning basin to area near DDelta opinion of one individual was expressed that we may Marine and let the current basin silt in the need another meeting after we get this data to refine Port does not support this, has advocated and project opportunities. contracted for dredging this area in the past and has significant concerns about this Please show existing habitat in addition to the potential Turning BBasin #3 serves both a navigation and new projects so we have some context. sediment collection function and prevents clean sediments from co-mingling with dirty Maps in the report should show more information the sediments downstream more info the better. AAdditional discussion occurred about different maps III. Other Comments for different purposes and the practical extent of displaying information on a map, i.e. "busy" maps. RRequest for more information about areas where dredging is allowed and planned and BBe clear about whether you are proposing habitat what areas are recognized berths enhancement or creation at any give site. RRequest for bathymetric data that shows subtidal areas on site plans and river maps Questions from the group about future ownership of Comment that street ends are extensively restoration sites within the Commercial Waterway and used, including use by a range of groups, e.g. what terms, conditions or easements would be used to new arrivals, ethnic groups, etc. protect these areas in perpetuity. Comment regarding the importance of the DDuwamish Tribal Cultural Center and finding Lots of questions and comments were expressed related opportunities about the details and unknowns of the Superfund / NRDARDA relationship and process, including whether the Port would sell credits to other parties or only use the habitat sites to address its own liability. The answers to these questions are unknown at this time. The Port is waiting for direction from The Trustees on potential liability and will determine how potential habitat projects identified along theDD uwamish relate AppAppEnnDicicEss 85 to resolution of Port and third party liability at that III. Comments on Implementation Discussion time. Questions and discussion about the relationship of the II. Comments on Prioritization Concepts, Frame- Lower DDuwamish Habitat RRestoration Plan to other Port work, Criteria and Evaluation plans, e.g. Port Shoreline Plan Questions about what if there is not enough area in Comment by workshop participant that the key the Lower DDuwamish or resulting habitat values are concepts presented in the talking points document not sufficient to address resource damage through RRestoration Project Prioritization Ideas appear to be "on restoration. No clear answers at this time, but the the mark". opinion that "restoration of all available sites will likely be needed to address damage" was expressed by a UUnrelated public comment was made that restoration couple meeting participants. on existing Port of Seattle terminal sites could be used to help address the limited habitat restoration AAdditional discussion about how transactions will opportunities available elsewhere in Section #2. occur and whether the Port would provide land for restoration by other liable parties or otherwise assist Comment was made that the group may have been with small business transactions. No clear answers at able to identify more opportunities in Section #2 if they this time. had the bathymetric data. AA representative of a marine construction business Comment by Port staff that the primary purpose of this stated that in previous meetings with the Port, they had Plan is to IDD opportunities on "ribbon parcels" and it is expressed openness to the possibility that Port-owned not clear at what detail we will evaluate opportunities ribbon parcels might be used to restore habitat to on non-Port sites. address private party liability. Participant comment that prioritization criteria should AA comment was expressed that the project area should value restoration sites which are permanent, durable include Harbor Island and perhaps extend into EElliot and sustainable. BBay. Comment from Trustees that the prioritization criteria AA question was asked whether the Plan would point to should reflect the priorities that are emerging from that future acquisitions (no). process, including an emphasis on marsh, intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats, with salmon being the species of greatest concern. IV. Other Comments AAdditional comments from the group about prioritizing marsh and mudflat habitats and rating projects with RRequest for bathymetric data showing subtidal areas the highest "value" through existing methodologies. on site plans and maps AA meeting participant expressed the opinion that the Comment regarding the importance of the DDuwamish restoration plan should establish a goal of 30% of the Tribal Cultural Center and finding related opportunities linear bank line of the river within each river section be to support this key stakeholder restored. AA comment was made that this was similar to, but less than, related planning goals of other agencies. Questions were raised about the scientific validity and applicability of this goal to the project area. 86 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn AppAppEnnDicicEss 87 Appendix 3 Adjacent Parcel Ownership MapsPROJECT SITE AERIALS LOWER DUWAMISH RIVER HABITAT RESTORATION PLAN SECTIONS 1 AND 2 Section 1: Harbor Island to Alaska Marine Lines Section 2: Alaska Marine Lines to Hurlen Construction Source Data: Information displayed may include data from one or more of the N Commercial Waterway No. 1 Adjacent Parcels following: King County, Aerials Express. Disclaimer: The information shown on this map is for planning purposes only. AHBL and the Port of Seattle make no warranties, real or implied, as to the accuracy of this information. 1 INCH EQUALS 300 FEET APRIL 14, 2008 88 lowlowER DUwwAmishmish RiiVER hhABititAtt REstostoRAtiontion plplAnn PROJECT SITE AERIALS LOWER DUWAMISH RIVER HABITAT RESTORATION PLAN SECTIONS 3 AND 4 Section 3: Hurlen Construction to 16th Avenue South Section 4: 16th Avenue South to Turning Basin Source Data: Information displayed may include data from one or more of the N Commercial Waterway No. 1 Adjacent Parcels following: King County, Aerials Express. Disclaimer: The information shown on this map is for planning purposes only. AHBL and the Port of Seattle make no warranties, real or implied, as to the accuracy of this information. 1 INCH EQUALS 300 FEET APRIL 14, 2008 < This page intenionally left blank > Port= w, 1595.99919 air-
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