RESOLUTION NO. 3759
A RESOLUTION of the Port of Seattle Commission creating a Seattle-Tacoma
International Airport ground transportation policy
directive, including principles, goals, monitoring, and
reporting, and affirming airport commute-trip-reduction
goals for the port.
WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle is committed to providing quality customer service,
reducing congestion, and minimizing the environmental impacts of vehicles at Seattle-Tacoma
International Airport; and
WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle’s commitment includes implementing strategies and
tactics to discourage use of private vehicles and promote higher-occupancy transportation
modes; and
WHEREAS, the port is committed to achieving or exceeding the goals created under
the Washington State Commute Trip Reduction (CTR) program for Port of Seattle employees
at the Airport; and
WHEREAS, under the Washington state commute-trip-reduction program, the City of
SeaTac established the 65 percent target drive-alone rate that applies to SeaTac area
employers with over 100 employees, including the Port of Seattle; and
WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle developed guiding principles and goals drawn from the
Port’s Ground Transportation Access Plan, and affirmed the direction in public at the
Commission’s July 10, 2018, “Travel to and From the Airport Study Session,” and were briefed
in public again at the September 25, 2018, commission public meeting;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Port of Seattle Commission as follows:
SECTION 1. The Policy Directive on Ground Transportation Principles and Goals as shown in
the attached Exhibit A is hereby established.

Resolution 3759, Ground Transportation Policy Directive

Page 1 of 2

Exhibit A to Resolution 3759
Port of Seattle Commission
Ground Transportation Principles and
Goals Policy Directive
As Adopted
July 9, 2019

SECTION 1. Purpose.
This policy directive establishes guidance on ground transportation at the Seattle-Tacoma
International Airport including principles, goals, monitoring, and reporting; creates an Annual
Ground Transportation Progress Report; affirms airport commute-trip-reduction (CTR) goals;
and establishes a transportation management association.
SECTION 2. Definitions.
When used in this policy directive, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings
given below unless the context in which they are included clearly indicates otherwise:
“Commute-trip reduction (CTR)” refers to the regulations developed under the Washington
Administrative Code 468-63-010, with the intent to reduce automobile-related air pollution,
traffic congestion, and energy use through employer-based programs that encourage the use of
alternatives to single occupant vehicles travelling during peak traffic periods for the commute
trip.
“Ground transportation” means non-aviation activities that relate to travelling to and from the
airport.
“Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions” refers to the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard that
classifies a company’s GHG emissions into three ‘scopes.’ Scope 1 emissions are direct
emissions from owned or controlled sources. Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions from the
generation of purchased energy. Scope 3 emissions are all indirect emissions (not included in
scope 2) that occur in the value chain of the reporting company, including both upstream and
downstream emissions.
SECTION 3. Scope and Applicability.
This policy directive applies to all activities related to ground transportation to and from
Seattle-Tacoma International Airport.
SECTION 4. Responsibilities.
The Executive Director shall engage in the following activities in pursuit of this policy directive,
either directly or by appropriate delegation of authority:
A. Ensure the Ground Transportation principles are applied to decisions on ground
transportation at the appropriate time and in the appropriate manner.
B. Strive to achieve the goals enumerated below.
C. Provide an Annual Ground Transportation Report to the Commission.

Port of Seattle Ground Transportation Policy Directive

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SECTION 5. Policy.
A. Ground Transportation Principles. The Federal Aviation Administration regulatory
guidance directs an airport fee and rental structure designed to make the airport as
self-sustaining as possible. In this context, self-sustaining is generally interpreted as
applying fair market value commercial rates under the particular airport’s
circumstances. This reduces the airport’s reliance on federal funds and local tax
revenues. In developing recommendations to the Commission governing ground
transportation, Port staff shall, alongside the regulatory guidance, use the following
guiding principles in managing ground transportation activities at Seattle-Tacoma
International Airport.
(1) Reduce passenger and commuter trips and lower carbon emissions to
achieve Port GHG-reduction goals and reduce negative community impacts.
(2) Reduce airport drive and roadway congestion, improve ease of access to the
airport, increase transportation options, and improve the customer
experience.
(3) Support equity considerations by promoting living wage jobs, equal business
opportunities, and accessibility for people with disabilities.
B. Ground Transportation Goals. Port staff shall apply the principles in Section 5(A) and
implement strategies to achieve the following ground transportation goals.
(1) Reduce curbside private vehicle pickup/drop off from 41 percent to 30
percent of mode share by 2030.
(2) Reduce Scope 3 GHG emissions from passenger vehicles to 50 percent of
2007 levels by 2030.
(3) Maintain a maximum 15-minute travel time from the airport clock tower to
terminal curb or parking garage.
C. The Port is committed to airport employee CTR.
(1) The Commission affirms the Port’s commitment to achieving the drive-alone rate
goal for Port employees at the Airport established by the CTR program currently
set by the City of SeaTac at a 65 percent drive-alone rate.
(2) The Port shall establish a Transportation Management Association (TMA) by
2020 and make membership available to all employers operating at the Airport.
The TMA will support commute reduction strategies that go beyond minimum
CTR requirements and facilitate efficient movement of employees to and from

Port of Seattle Ground Transportation Policy Directive

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the Airport. The primary goal of the TMA will be to support the reduction of
drive-alone rates for employees that work at the Airport.
(3) The Port shall develop and implement parking management strategies and tools
to help achieve airport CTR goals, reduce drive-alone rates, and achieve the
desired mode split.
SECTION 6. Program Evaluation.
Port staff shall prepare and deliver to the Commission an Annual Ground Transportation
Progress Report by June 30th of each year that includes progress and recommendations to
better achieve the policy outlined in Sections 3 A. B. and C.
SECTION 7. Fiscal Implications.
Fiscal implications shall be reviewed by the Executive Director annually, at a minimum, to ensure
the implementation of the policy directive is adequately resourced and shall submit a budget
request as appropriate.
SECTION 8. Research Findings
The following attachments document the research findings of this policy directive:
Attachment 1: Ground Transportation Access Study Report dated August 20, 2018 (Table of
Contents and Executive Summary – full report available on request)
Attachment 2: Ground Transportation Commission Study Session Briefing PowerPoint of
July 10, 2018
Attachment 3: Ground Transportation Commission Briefing PowerPoint of September 25, 2018

Port of Seattle Ground Transportation Policy Directive

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ATTACHMENT 1 to Ground Transportation Policy Directive

ATTACHMENT 2 to Ground Transportation Policy Directive

Summary of the Ground
Transportation
Access Plan (GTAP) Study
July 6, 2018

1

Overview
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Port goals
Study objectives & approach
Current Issues
Top 10 strategies
Initiatives Already Underway
Next steps
Appendix
Presents study findings and next steps with technical details in Appendix
2

Port Goals
• Century Agenda
– Reduce Scope 3 carbon emissions:
• 50% below 2007 levels by 2030
• 80% below 2007 levels by 2050

• Reduce travel/processing time
– Max 45 minutes from clock tower
to post security

GTAP strategies designed to achieve Port goals
3

Study Objectives
• Increase access to high occupancy modes
such as transit
• Advance transportation modes and
programs to foster social equity and
customer choice
• Consider the financial/revenue impacts of
potential strategies.
GTAP objectives advance all three aspects of sustainability
4

Study Approach
• Conduct benchmarking research &
stakeholder outreach
– Identified over 64 transportation strategies
– Determined industry best practices

• Screen strategies to determine top 10
– Evaluation criteria: congestion relief, mode
shift, customer choice, feasibility,
environmental benefit and fiscal impact
Identify top 10 strategies to reduce congestion and advance sustainability goals
5

Current Issues
•
•
•
•
•
•

Increasing roadway congestion
Market disruptions
Emerging ground transportation modes
Social equity
Environmental effects
Infrastructure limitations

Anticipate increasing congestion as demand increases
6

Top 10 Strategies from GTAP Study
•

Near-term Port initiatives:
–
–

•

Partner with regional agencies to incentivize mode shift:
–
–
–
–
–

•

Multiple variations of express bus service
Form a Transportation Management Association (TMA)

Information sharing and promoting transit
Public-private partnerships for First/Last Mile Coverage
Increase/preserve King County Metro RapidRide and Sound Transit bus service
Offer ticket for free transit ride/ride-free area
Provide incentives (e.g., coupons) for ride-share and transit use

Further analyze:
–
–
–

Revenue structures for autonomous vehicles (AVs)
Airport access fees
Restructuring employee parking

Each of the 10 strategies needs additional research and/or key partnerships
7

Top 10 Strategies
Strategy
Multiple Variations of Express Bus
Service

Form a Transportation Management
Association (TMA)

Description
•

Express service from park and ride lots in primary surrounding city
locations; secure parking; 30 minute service (Port, KCM, ST TBD)

•

Member-controlled, organizations that provide transportation services
in a particular area.
Dedicated staff to manage CTR programs for airport workforce
including ride-share matching, guaranteed ride home, transit subsidies

•

Affected
Stakeholder(s)
Air
Pax

Workforce





GT
Oper.



Information Sharing and Promoting
Transit

•

Distribute information about transit routes and integrate
promotions/marketing during airline ticket purchase and check-in



Public-Private Partnerships for
First/Last Mile Coverage

•

Develop partnerships with ride-share companies and regional agencies
to provide first and last mile coverage





Increase/preserve King County
Metro RapidRide and Sound Transit
Express Bus Service

•
•

More frequent service (assuming regional agency sponsorship)
Change pick-up/drop-off location







8



Top 10 Strategies (con’t)
Strategy
Ticket for Free Transit Ride/RideFree Area

Description

Affected
Stakeholder(s)
Air
Pax

Workforce

•

Passengers and employees ride free on trips from SEA





•





•

Provide discounts at airport concessionaires or access to airline club
lounges for travelers with transit pass, transit receipt, or verification of
participation in Ride Share program
Implement a parking “cash-out” program managed by SEA TMA

Revenue Structures Anticipating
Autonomous Vehicles (AVs)

•

Estimate impacts and timeline of AV adoption (revenue)

Airport Access Fees

•

Consider establishing fee structure for vehicles accessing terminal curbs

Restructure Employee Parking

•
•
•

Restructure complimentary garage parking to incent Ride Share and transit
Implement a parking “cash-out” program managed by SEA TMA
ORCA subsidies

Incentives for Ride Share and
Transit Use

GT
Oper.





9

Initiatives Already Underway
• Rematch program for TNCs
• Advance immediate GT recommendations (garage
utilization, re-match, entrance)
• Continuous Process Improvement exercise focused on
airport roadway congestion
• Widen arrivals approach
• SR 518 Corridor study
• Express Bus studies
Ongoing initiatives will significantly reduce congestion and some will reduce carbon
10

Next Steps
Planning
timeframe

Implementation
timeframe

2018 –2019

1-3 yrs

2019

1-3 yrs

2018 –2019

1-3 yrs

Public-Private Partnerships for First/Last Mile Coverage

2019

1-3 yrs

Increase / preserve KCM RapidRide and ST Exp. Bus Service

2018 –2019

3-5 yrs

Ticket for Free Transit Ride/Ride-Free Area

2019

1-3 yrs

Incentives for Ride Share / Transit Loyalty Program

2019

1-3 yrs

Revenue Structures Anticipating Autonomous Vehicles

2020 – 2021

5-10 yrs

Airport Access Fees

2019 –2021

TBD

Restructure Employee Parking

2019 – 2020

1-3 yrs

Top 10 Strategies
Multiple Variations of Express Bus Service
Transportation Management Association (TMA)
Information/Promotion of Transit

Most of the top 10 strategies can be implemented in 1 to 3 years

Thank You

12

Appendix

13

Benchmarked Airports
US AIRPORTS
San Francisco
Los Angeles
Boston Logan
Minn.–Saint Paul
Denver
Miami
NON-US AIRPORTS
London Gatwick
Dublin
Copenhagen
London Heathrow

14

Comparing Among Similar Airports
Transportation Mode

SEA (2017)

SFO (2017)

BOS (2016)

Private vehicle

46%1

26%

34%

Rental vehicles and off-airport parking

23%

21%

11%

TNC

8%

30%

14%

Taxi

3%

5%2

10%

Limousine or town car

2%
82%

82%

69%

Shuttles/vans or other commercial buses

11%

13%

17%

Public transit/express bus/parking and ride
(SFO)

7%

5%

14% 2

18%

18%

31%

Non-HOV Modes

HOV Modes

1. Includes private vehicles parking, dropping off or passing through parking garage.
2. Includes limousines and town cars.

15

SEA Trends in Mode Share
45%
40%

39%
40% 38%

39%

Private vehicles have
maintained a steady share

35%
30%

25%
15%

20%

15%

15%

16%

13%

TNCs are taking market share from
taxis and potentially rental vehicles
8%

10%

5%

5%

6% 6%
5% 5%

2%
0%

0%
Private vehicle
curbside

Rental vehicle

TNC (e.g. Uber,
Lyft)
2014

5%5%5%
4%

LINK light rail

Shuttle Express

2015

2017

SOURCE: Port of Seattle Business Intelligence, Enplaning Passenger Survey (2014-2017).

2016

8%
6%
4%
3%

Taxi

1%1%1%1%
Public transit bus

<20% pax access
airport via highoccupancy modes

64 Candidate Strategies Evaluated for
“People ● Profit ● Planet”
1. Reduce Traffic Congestion
Reduces traffic volumes, improves passenger throughput, and/or improves efficiency along the
Airport drive and curbside.
2. Support Customer Choice
Increases access to ground transportation modes to/from the Airport.
3. Influence Mode Share
Reduces percent of travelers using single occupancy vehicles.
4. Fiscal Impact to Sea-Tac
Potential revenue source or offset to capital investment versus the annual operating costs.
5. Reduce Environmental Impacts
Reduces greenhouse gases, vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and promotes mass transit.
6. Feasibility
Potential to implement/whether the strategy been successfully implemented in other locations, and
general comparative assessment of potential for positive ROI.
17

Top 10 Analyzed for Equity and Impacts
1. Qualitatively scores strategies for
equity principles
2. Quantifies environmental benefits,
capital costs, operating costs, and
revenue impacts

18

Defining Equity Principles
• Environmental: Minimizes disproportionate environmental impacts on
stakeholders
• Economic: Creates small business growth and workforce development in
and around the airport while minimizing financial burden of accessing
transportation options
• Regional access and operations: Provides more modes of transportation
to the airport
• Social: Eliminate barriers to equal opportunity for historically

underserved groups

19

Top 10 Strategies - Equity Trade-offs
REGIONAL ACCESS

STRATEGY

ECONOMIC

ENVIRONMENT

Multiple Variations of
Express Bus Service

✓

✓

✓



Tolling Curbside

X

✓

✓



Information / Promotion of Transit

✓

✓

✓

NA

Transportation Management Association
(TMA)





✓



Restructure Employee Parking

NA





X

& OPERATIONS

SOCIAL

Several strategies support three of the equity principles but none meet all four
20

Top 10 Strategies - Equity trade-offs (cont’d)
REGIONAL ACCESS

STRATEGY

ECONOMIC

ENVIRONMENT

Revenue Structures Anticipating
Autonomous Vehicles









✓

✓

✓



✓

✓

✓



✓

✓

✓



✓

NA

NA

NA

Public-Private Partnerships for
First/Last Mile Coverage

Increase / preserve KCM RapidRide and
ST Express Bus Service
Ticket for Free Transit
Ride / Ride-Free Area
Incentives for Ride Share/Transit
Loyalty Program

& OPERATIONS

SOCIAL

Several strategies support three equity principles but none meet all four
21

Trips per Mode
Fewest Vehicle Trips
Per Air Passenger

HOV: Transit & Shared-Ride
Transit, Scheduled & Courtesy Buses, SharedRide Van, Airporters

Parked Vehicles
Long-Term Parking

Taxi, TNC, Limos

Curbside Vehicles

Up to 4 Vehicle Trips
Per Air Passenger

Drop-Off Pick-Up

22

Quantitative Analysis – Measurable Impacts
• Capital & operating costs
– Estimated order of magnitude

• Vehicle miles traveled
– Result of mode shift incurred

• Greenhouse gas emissions
– Result of change in VMT

Grams CO2 / mile
Private vehicle - curbside

21.10

Limousine

20.82

TNC (eKPI compliant)

10.82

Taxi

10.24

Private vehicle - parking

10.20

Rental car

8.79

Public transit bus
Shuttle Express
ST Light Rail

4.61
2.06

0.02

Strategies quantified to understand potential benefits and drawbacks
23

Quantitative Analysis of Top 10 Strategies
Estimated Greenhouse
Anticipated
Revenue Impacts
Gases Reduced

STRATEGY

Estimated Capital
Cost

Estimated
Operating Cost

Multiple Variations of
Express Bus Service



X

X



Tolling Curbside

✓

✓

✓

✓

Information / Promotion of Transit

✓

✓

X

X

Transportation Management Association
(TMA)

✓

✓

X



Restructure Employee Parking

✓

✓

X

✓

Key
Score

Capital /
Operating Cost

GHG Reduction –
tonnes/yr

Revenue Impact
(Million $ Annually)

✓

$0 to $2m

≥ 10,000

Source (+)



$2 to $10m

5,000 < 10,000

<$1m Loss (-)

X

>$10

<5,000

>$1m Loss (-)

Most strategies perform well in two or more criteria but measurable impact requires combination of strategies
24

Quantitative Analysis of Top 10 Strategies, cont’d
STRATEGY
Revenue Structures Anticipating
Autonomous Vehicles
Public-Private Partnerships for
First/Last Mile Coverage
Increase / preserve KCM RapidRide and
ST Express Bus Service
Ticket for Free Transit
Ride / Ride-Free Area
Incentives for Ride Share/Transit
Loyalty Program

Estimated Greenhouse
Anticipated
Revenue Impacts
Gases Reduced

Estimated Capital
Cost

Estimated
Operating Cost

✓

✓



✓

✓

✓

X

X





X



✓

✓



X

✓

✓



X

Key
Score

Capital /
Operating Cost

GHG Reduction –
tonnes/yr

Revenue Impact
(Million $ Annually)

✓

$0 to $2m

≥ 10,000

Source (+)



$2 to $10m

5,000 < 10,000

<$1m Loss (-)

X

>$10

<5,000

>$1m Loss (-)

Most strategies perform well in two or more criteria but measurable impact requires combination of strategies
25

Top 10 Strategies Cumulative Benefits
• Potential cumulative benefit
– Reduce 100 million vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per year
– Reduce 42,000 tons carbon emissions per year
– Remove over 2 million single occupancy vehicles from the road

Strategies have potential to provide significant cumulative benefit
26

Transportation Management Association
Description: Form a Sea-Tac Airport Transportation Management Association (TMA) with
dedicated staff focused on Commute Trip Reduction and Transportation Demand
Management strategies, such as ridesharing/matching, preferential parking for van and
carpools, guaranteed ride home/emergency ride home program, and transit subsidy. Hold a
quarterly TMA open-house for employees to attend and gain information on available
commuting options.
Primary Benefits
•
Provides employees with improved level of service and reliability for their commute.
•
Encourages carpooling and ride sharing to access the Airport, reducing congestion
from single-occupancy vehicle trips.
•
Supports workforce job satisfaction.
•
Mitigates environmental issues, especially greenhouse gas emissions, because of
decreased single-occupancy vehicle trips.
•
Expands the state-required program for having a Commute Trip Reduction Coordinator.
•
There are very low (or no) capital costs.
Primary Drawbacks
•
Limited potential for results (e.g. limited ability to reduce traffic congestion and air
pollution).
27

ATTACHMENT 3 to the Ground Transportation Policy Directive

Ground Transportation
at Sea-Tac Airport
September 25, 2018

1

Briefing Outline
• Ground Transportation Framework
• Ground Transportation Initiatives currently underway
• Ground Transportation Access Plan (GTAP)
– Objectives and approach
– Context
– Results

• Next Steps and Timeline
Port is implementing a range of ground transportation improvements and initiatives
2

Current Challenges
•
•
•
•
•
•

Increasing roadway congestion
Market disruptions
Emerging ground transportation modes
Social equity
Environmental effects
Infrastructure limitations

Anticipate increasing roadway congestion as demand increases
3

Framework
Guiding Principles

Goals

Strategies

• Framework provides clear guidance
about how to evaluate strategies
and tactics
• Illustrates extent to which an
approach achieves desired outcomes
• Applies to facilities, operations and
regional strategies

Tactics
4

Guiding Principles
• Consider overall environmental effects and reduce impacts
where possible
• Improve customer experience by reducing roadway congestion
• Support customer choice for a range of transportation options
to and from the airport
• Support living wage jobs and equal business opportunities
• Generate revenue to support region’s needs for a sustainable
airport, including leveraging existing infrastructure
Principles applied to GTAP strategies and consistent with study sessions
5

Goals
• Reduce 2007 scope 3 GHG emissions* 50% by 2030 (to 79k)
– 2017 Scope 3 GHG emissions*: 190,000 tonnes/year
• Max 15 minute travel time – clock tower to curb or parking
– Port data will be leveraged to track travel time
• Reduce private vehicle pickup/drop off to 30%
– Current mode share: 41%
• Achieve social equity goals (support living wages and equal
business opportunities)
• Ensure a first-class ground transportation operation for
customers through financial sustainability
*From passenger vehicles

6

Ground Transportation Framework
Guiding Principles
• Reduce
environmental
impact
• Reduce roadway
congestion
• Support customer
choice
• Social equity
• Generate revenue
for sustainable
airport

Goals
• 50% scope 3
reduction
• 15 minutes tower
to curb
• 30% private vehicle
pick-up/drop-off
• Social Equity
• Financial
sustainability

Strategies and Tactics
SAMP

e.g. roadway relocation,
Widen Arrivals Approach

GTAP

e.g. first/last mile,
access fees, express bus

Operational

e.g. rematch, TNCs on
Arrivals, garage utilization

Contracts
Taxi, TNC,
other GT

e.g. e-KPIs, driver income,
guaranteed min. wait time

Port policies provide guidance in all categories

7 7

Initiatives to Leverage Existing Infrastructure
• Continuous Process Improvement exercise focused on airport
roadway congestion – shifted TNCs to Arrivals Drive in a.m. peak
• Evaluate immediate GT recommendations (e.g. garage
utilization, alternate GT entrance)
• Express Bus/Eastside Baggage study
• Rematch program for TNCs
• Widen Arrivals Approach project
• SR 518 Corridor study
• Taxi RFP draft
Ongoing initiatives will significantly reduce congestion and some will reduce carbon
8

Ground Transportation Access Plan
(GTAP)

9

Study Objectives
• Increase access to high occupancy modes
such as transit
• Advance transportation modes and programs
to foster social equity and customer choice
• Consider the financial/revenue impacts of
potential strategies.

GTAP objectives advance all three aspects of sustainability
10

Study Approach
Conduct Research:
Identify benchmarks and existing conditions,
review regional transportation plans
Stakeholder Outreach
Data Analysis
Generate comprehensive list of
candidate strategies (64 total)
Level 1: Evaluate and rank candidate strategies
for GTAP goals. Identify top 10.
Level 2: Identify equity tradeoffs among top
strategies and quantify key metrics
Recommend strategies and
tactics for Port to explore

GTAP used systematic approach with robust outreach

11

Confirming Principles
Ground Transportation
Access Plan (GTAP)

Commission
Study Session (July 10th)

Improve regional access and
operations

NA

Reduce environmental impacts

Environmental

Increase revenue

Affordability/increase revenue

Support customer choice

Increase customer service

Reduce traffic congestion

Reduce congestion

Social: reduce barriers to opportunity for historically
underserved communities

Equity: protecting surrounding communities.

Provides economic opportunity

Economic opportunity for providers and contracted
organizations

Strong correlation between GTAP study screening of strategies and Commission feedback
12

SEA Trends in Mode Share
45%
40%

39%
40%
39%

38%

Private vehicles have
maintained a steady share

35%
30%
25%

App-based Technology Impact

20%

15%
15%

15%

16%

13%

10%

8%
5%

5%

8%
5%

6%

5%

6%

5% 5% 5%

6%
4%

4%

2%

1% 1% 1% 1%

0%

0%
Private vehicle
curbside

Rental vehicle

TNC (e.g. Uber, Lyft)
2014

SOURCE: Port of Seattle Business Intelligence, Enplaning Passenger
Survey (2014-2017). Does not reflect total mode share.

3%

LINK light rail
2015

2016

Shuttle Express
2017

Taxi

Public transit bus

<20% pax access via
high-occupancy modes

13

Current Mode Split
Travel Mode

% of Passengers

Private vehicle drop/pickup

41%

Airport Garage/off-airport parking

15%

TNC

9%

LINK Light Rail

6%

Taxi

3%

Public transit bus
Other (charter, airporter, shuttle,
rental cars)

1%
25%

Private vehicle drop off/pick-up is highest mode with public transit bus least-used mode
14

Consider Typical Airport Passenger…
• Extremely time-sensitive
• Relatively high income
o 48% earn > 100K/yr
• Travels alone (55%)
• Flies thru SEA
o 54% once or twice/year
• Trip origin
o 70% SEA origin/destination
Passenger travel motivations are different from average road/rail commuter
15

Barriers to using Link Light Rail
to and from the Airport
Barrier Score
Travel time vs. car

24

Need to transfer

14

Service frequency

13

Service reliability

12

Handling luggage

10

Outdoor walk to/from transit station

9

Behavior of other transit passengers

6

Likelihood of rain

4

Covered walk between airport and transit station

4

Ticket cost

2

Top 10 GTAP Strategies and Tactics
•

Near-term Port initiatives:
– Express Bus/Eastside Baggage Service (feasibility study)
– Form an airport-wide Transportation Management Association (TMA)

•

Partner with regional agencies to incentivize mode shift:
–
–
–
–
–

•

Information sharing and promoting transit
Public-private partnerships for First/Last Mile Coverage
Increase/preserve King County Metro RapidRide and Sound Transit bus service
Offer ticket for free transit ride/ride-free area
Provide incentives (e.g., coupons) for ride-share and transit use

Further analyze:
– Revenue structures for autonomous vehicles (AVs)
– Airport access fees
– Restructuring Port employee parking
Each of the 10 strategies needs additional research and/or key partnerships
17

Next Steps
•

September 25, 2018: Commission briefing on ground transportation framework
and GTAP study

•

October 23, 2018: Commission discussion/possible action on GT framework and
briefing on taxi service options

•

November 13, 2018: Commission discussion/possible action on taxi RFP

•

December 11, 2018: Commission request for design authorization for Widen
Arrivals Approach project

•

January 30, 2019: Taxi RFP released

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June 30, 2019: Sign new taxi contract and 90 day transition for 10/1 start

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September 30, 2019: ESFH contract expires, contains holdover provisions and
two (2) optional one-year extensions
Coordinated schedule to move forward with multiple initiatives
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