Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 


1                                                 RESOLUTION NO. 3736 
2 
3              A Resolution           of the Port of Seattle Commission establishing a
4                                        Priority  Hire  Policy  Directive;  and  amending  the
5                                        Policy    Directive    related    to    practices    for
6                                        construction  labor  for  projects  located  on  Port
7                                        property adopted by Resolution No. 3725. 
8 
9              WHEREAS, the construction industry is forecasted to experience consistent growth in
10    the King County region over the next decade; and 
11 
12            WHEREAS,  numerous  studies  show  a  widening  gap  between  the  demand  for
13    construction labor and the supply of skilled trade workers in the regional labor market for King
14    County public agencies. The Regional Public Owners Group estimate there will be over sixty-
15    seven billion dollars in public construction projects by 2042 with over seventy million labor hours
16    needed to fulfill this demand for projects. It is projected that between 2018 and 2023 there will
17    be a shortage of over 4100 skilled workers. Regional labor supply is forecasted to underserve
18    demand by an average of 9 to 10 percent during 2018-2042; and
19 
20            WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle makes among the largest investments in infrastructure
21    projects in the region. In 2017, the Port of Seattle is projected to spend approximately $180 
22    million on construction projects and estimates continual growth in future years. The Port's 
23    capital investment dollars create the equivalent work hours of 10.89 jobs per one million dollars
24    spent, providing enough total hours to equal approximately 950 full time jobs in Washington
25    State in 2016; and 
26 
27            WHEREAS, most recent data for 2016 indicates that over 80 percent of the construction
28    workforce in King County are Caucasian males, while 19 percent are women and people of
29    color. Representation of women and people of color is higher among new entrants to the labor
30    force through apprenticeships and accredited certificates of completion, such as those received
31    for completing a pre-apprenticeship program. However, according to the analysis, women and
32    people of color also have lower rates of apprenticeship completion than do their Caucasian male
33    counterparts; and 
34 
35            WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle is committed to ensuring equity in the construction projects
36    workforce where disparities exist between underrepresented workers' availability to work and
37    their opportunity to be hired and establish a career in the construction trades; and 
38 


Resolution No. 3736  Establishing a Priority Hire Policy Directive                                       Page 1 of 12

Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
39            WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle is committed to its values of conducting business with the
40    highest ethical standards. Our business practices shall reflect integrity, accountability, honesty,
41    fairness and respect at all levels; and
42 
43            WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle is a leader in workforce development and has found
44    construction job training programs, including Career Connected Learning,  apprenticeship and
45    pre-apprenticeship programs, to be an effective way to prepare individuals for entry into
46    construction jobs, and to ensure women, people of color, and otherwise disadvantaged
47    individuals, can acquire the necessary job skills and be prepared to successfully pursue
48    construction careers; and 
49 
50            WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle was the first to adopt apprenticeship utilization goals over
51    three decades ago and is committed to achieving its apprenticeship hiring goals set in Port
52    policy and addressing the disproportionately low involvement by people of color and women in
53    the construction labor force. Apprentice utilization goals for Port construction projects is 15
54    percent, of which includes a goal of 10 percent women and 15 percent people of color. In 2016,
55    apprenticeship utilization rates were 17 percent, of which 18 percent were women and 28
56    percent were people of color; and 
57 
58            WHEREAS, on October 25, 2016, the Port of Seattle adopted Resolution No. 3725 that
59    established the Port of Seattle Construction Labor Policy Directive that states that the Port shall
60    establish appropriate apprentice and locality hiring goals and appropriate aspirational women
61    and minority apprentice hiring goals; and 
62 
63            WHEREAS, the Port of Seattle supports the City of Seattle and King County findings that
64    King County has geographic areas of economic distress as evidenced by poverty indicators;
65    including poverty levels, concentrated unemployment, and gaps in educational attainment. The
66    Port of Seattle seeks to act effectively and expeditiously to encourage solutions toward economic
67    growth and job creation in areas of the County that are economically distressed as evidenced by
68    comparatively high levels of poverty, unemployment rates and education attainment; and 
69 
70            WHEREAS, Priority Hire enhances community partnerships focused on inclusion and
71    access to opportunities and services; expands opportunities for disadvantaged populations to
72    advance equity and social justice; and ensures that Port construction projects are planned and
73    implemented in a way that improves equity in local communities; and 
74 
75            WHEREAS, the Port believes that establishing a Priority Hire policy ensures better access
76    to training programs and well-paying construction jobs for local workers, particularly those
77    from Economically Distressed Areas, as well as increases the diversity of the workforce on Port
78    construction projects; and 
79 
80            WHEREAS, in 2017, the Port of Seattle convened community stakeholder meetings and
81    received input from contractors, labor union representatives, community advocates, small

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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
82    contracting and supplier businesses, training providers, City of Seattle and King County policy 
83    experts about the challenges and opportunities of a Priority Hire program. The Port of Seattle
84    intends to use the information received from these meetings as a guide for implementing the
85    Priority Hire program and developing a regional agreement for use on public works projects;
86    and 
87 
88            WHEREAS, Priority Hire focuses on workforce participation by apprentice and journey-
89    level  construction  workers  and  is  therefore  directly  connected  to  the  Port's  existing
90    apprenticeship program; and 
91 
92            WHEREAS, the Port is committed to fostering an acceptable worksite on public works
93    projects that is inclusive and focuses on anti-discrimination and anti-harassment behaviors and
94    procedures and encourages positive relationships between employers and employees, and 
95    among employees; and 
96 
97            WHEREAS, over the last two years, the Port of Seattle has participated as  member of
98    the Regional Public Owners Group with the City of Seattle, King County, Sound Transit, the City
99    of Tacoma and the Washington State Department of Transportation, focused on public agencies
100    working together as regional partners; and 
101 
102            WHEREAS, the purpose of the Regional Public Owners Group is to better understand
103    and narrow the workforce demand-supply gap for regional public infrastructure projects;
104    enhance access opportunities and increase the diversity of pre-apprentices, apprentices and
105    journey-level workers entering into the trades workforce; support retention programs for
106    current trades workers, especially women and people of color; and improve performance data
107    and systems of reporting for monitoring regional goals and initiatives; 
108 
109            NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Port Commission of the Port of Seattle as
110    follows: 
111 
112    SECTION 1.  Section 1 of Resolution No. 3725, the policy directive related to practices for
113    construction labor for projects located on Port property, is hereby amended as follows: 
114 
115          In Section I(D)(1) of the policy directive, strike "and locality" and insert a new subsection
116    (E) as follows: For contracts under a PLA with projected construction labor costs at or above $5
117    million, the Port shall establish Priority Hire goals. 
118 
119          And in Section II(C)(2), strike "locality hiring and" and insert a new subsection (D) as
120    follows:  For contracts under a PLA with projected construction labor costs at or above
121    $5 million, the Port shall establish Priority Hire goals. 
122 


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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
123          And in Section III(B)(2)(b), strike "locality hiring and" and insert a new sub-subsection (3)
124    as follows: For contracts under a PLA with projected construction labor costs at or above
125    $5 million, the Port shall establish Priority Hire goals. 
126 
127    SECTION 2.  A Priority Hire Policy Directive is hereby established as shown in Exhibit A, attached. 
128 
129    SECTION 3.  The Policy Directive contained in Exhibit A and attached to this resolution shall be
130    labeled and catalogued as appropriate, together with other Commission Policy Directives, and
131    shall be made readily available for use by Port staff and members of the public as a governance 
132    document of the Port of Seattle. 
133 
134    ADOPTED by the Port Commission of the Port of Seattle at a duly noticed meeting thereof, held
135    this _____ day of _________, 2017, and duly authenticated in open session by the signatures of
136    the Commissioners voting in favor thereof and the seal of the Commission. 
137 
138 
139 
140 
141 
142 
143 
144 
145 
146 
147 
148                                                   Port Commission 








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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
149                                               EXHIBIT A 
150    SECTION 1. Purpose. 
151 
152    The purpose of this Policy Directive is to provide good family wage jobs to qualified construction
153    workers from Economically Distressed Areas of King County by increasing access to Port of Seattle
154    Covered Projects. This leads to economic growth and job creation in areas of King County that are
155    experiencing  economic  distress.  In  addition,  it  will  provide  jobs  to  those  historically
156    underrepresented in the construction industry, such as women and people of color. 
157 
158    To develop a Priority Hire program implemented through a Project Labor Agreement (PLA) and to
159    foster closer cooperation with the Regional Public Owners Group to ensure uniform application of
160    Priority Hire terms and Contractor and Union compliance with Priority Hire requirements.  This
161    supports the Port of Seattle's continued efforts on workforce development. 
162 
163    SECTION 2. Definitions. 
164 
165    When used in this Policy Directive, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings
166    given below unless the context in which they are included clearly indicates otherwise: 
167 
168    "Apprentice" means a person who has signed a written apprenticeship agreement with and
169    enrolled  in  an  active  state-registered  apprenticeship  training  program  approved  by  the
170    Washington State Apprenticeship and Training Council. 
171 
172    "City" means City of Seattle. 
173 
174    "Construction labor costs" means the labor cost component of the estimated construction budget
175    for the project to be paid to contractors at the time of bid or, if absent a bid, at the time of the
176    contract award. 
177 
178    "Contractor" means any person, firm, partnership, owner operator, limited liability company,
179    corporation, joint venture, proprietorship, trust, association or other legal entity that employs
180    individuals to perform work on covered projects, including general contractors, subcontractors of
181    all tiers, and both union and non-union entities. 
182 
183    "Core Employee" means an employee of an open-shop contractor that meets the core employee
184    criteria established under a PLA. 
185 
186    "Covered Project" means a Port of Seattle construction project under a PLA with construction
187    labor costs at or above $5 million. 
188 
189    "Dispatch" means the process by which a union refers workers for employment to contractors
190    under the authority of a collective bargaining agreement. The process typically mandates the

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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
191    distribution of work via a "first in, first out" priority but can be legally adjusted via special
192    agreements to allow for out of order dispatching and Priority Worker hiring. 
193 
194    "Economically Distressed Area" means a geographic area defined by zip code in King County and
195    found to have high population concentrations: 1) Living at or below 200 percent of the federal
196    poverty level, 2) Unemployed, 3) Those over 25 years of age without a college degree, compared
197    to other zip codes. King County zip codes with a high density per acre of at least two out of the
198    three criteria will be identified as Economically Distressed Areas. These zip codes are updated and
199    published by King County's Finance and Business Operations Division. 
200 
201    "Jobs Coordinator" means either one of the following: a Port of Seattle employee, an employee
202    that is considered a shared resource between government agencies, or a third party entity that
203    facilitates the hiring of Priority Workers in collaboration with Contractors and Union Dispatch. 
204 
205    "Journey-level" means an individual who has sufficient skills and knowledge of an occupation,
206    either through a formal apprentice training program or through practical on-the-job work
207    experience, to be recognized by a state or federal registration agency and/or an industry as being
208    qualified to perform the work of the occupation. Practical experience must be equal to or greater
209    than the term of apprenticeship. 
210 
211    "Labor hours" means hours performed on covered projects by workers who are subject to
212    prevailing wages. 
213 
214    "Open-shop contractor" means a contractor that is not a signatory to a collective bargaining
215    agreement with a union representing the trade(s) of the contractor's workers, also known as non-
216    union contractors. 
217 
218    "Pre-apprentice" means a student enrolled in a construction pre-apprentice training program
219    recognized by the Washington State Apprenticeship and Training Council. 
220 
221    "Priority Hire Program" means a program on Port of Seattle major construction contracts that
222    focuses on recruitment, training and employment of workers who reside in Economically
223    Distressed Areas as defined by King County. 
224 
225    "Priority Worker(s)" means an individual prioritized for recruitment, training, and employment
226    opportunities because the individual is a resident in an Economically Distressed Area. 
227 
228    "Project Labor Agreement" means an agreement authorized under the National Labor Relations
229    Act (NRLA), 29 U.S.C., which provides a means for aligning interests of public owners such as the
230    Port with those of construction labor unions. 
231 
232    "Regional Public Owners Group" means the group including the City of Seattle, King County, Port
233    of Seattle, Sound Transit, the City of Tacoma and the Washington State Department of

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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
234    Transportation, focused on public agencies working together as regional partners to better
235    understand the workforce demand-supply gap for regional public infrastructure projects; to
236    enhance access opportunities and to increase the diversity of pre-apprentices, apprentices and
237    journey-level workers entering into the trades workforce; to support retention programs for
238    current trades workers, especially women and people of color; and to improve performance data
239    and systems of reporting for monitoring regional goals and initiatives. 
240 
241    "Union" means a representative labor organization whose members collectively bargain with
242    employers to set the wages and working conditions in their respective trade or covered scope of
243    work. 
244 
245    SECTION 3. Scope and Applicability. 
246 
247            A. This Policy Directive pertains to Covered Project(s) for the remainder of this Policy
248    Directive. 
249 
250    SECTION 4. Responsibilities. 
251 
252            A. The Executive Director (1) will assign a designee (referred to as "Designee" for the
253    remainder of the Policy Directive) and subsequent designated office to implement and administer
254    this Policy Directive, and (2) may, through the Designee, develop and adopt rules consistent with
255    the requirements of this Policy Directive. 
256 
257            B. The Designee, with the Executive Director's written concurrence and upon notice to the
258    Commission, may reduce or waive requirements or goals of this Policy Directive when impractical
259    for a Covered Project for one or more of the following reasons: when required due to an
260    emergency, when subject to limitations of a sole source, when requirements or goals would be
261    inconsistent  with  an  agreement  with  a  public  agency,  when  requirements  or  goals  are
262    inconsistent with federal funding or other funding sources, when the project is in a remote
263    location, when superseded by safety or other legal requirements, when other conditions arise
264    such as the goals become impractical, or absent an executed PLA. 
265 
266            C. The Designee shall be responsible for identifying, monitoring, and mitigating risks
267    within his/her authority; and propose mitigation actions to the Executive Director if additional
268    authority is required. The Designee shall enforce the requirements in this Policy Directive and
269    may use actions as deemed appropriate. 
270 
271            D. As part of establishing a Priority Hire advisory committee to operate in an advisory
272    role to the Port of Seattle for implementation and effectiveness of this Policy Directive, the
273    Designee shall participate in the previously established Regional Public Owners Group and may,
274    under an agreement with one or more other government entities with Priority Hire programs,
275    establish and participate in a regional Priority Hire advisory committee. 
276 

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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
277    SECTION 5. Policy. 
278 
279            A. For Covered Projects that are not found impractical under Section 2.4 B, the Designee
280    shall establish in the bid or other solicitation documents the: (1) required percentage of labor
281    hours to be performed by Priority Workers, and (2) aspirational goal percentage of labor hours to
282    be performed by Priority Workers. Contractors and Dispatch under a PLA shall seek to first hire
283    and dispatch Priority Workers so as to meet or exceed the required and aspirational goal
284    percentages. 
285 
286    The Designee shall establish the percentages separately for apprentices and for journey-level
287    workers. 
288 
289            B. For each Covered Project, the Designee shall establish the greatest practicable required
290    percentage of labor hours to be performed by Priority Workers by considering anticipated
291    workforce availability and past utilization percentages on similar construction projects from the
292    most recent project previous calendar year, and shall establish the percentage for the upcoming
293    year. This shall be included in the PLA and other Port agreements as appropriate and progress
294    monitored by the Designee. The Designee shall adjust these required percentages annually, based
295    on performance and reasonably anticipated changes in worker availability.
296 
297            C. In order to achieve the intended impact in Economically Distressed Areas, the Designee 
298    shall set project-specific requirements and an aspirational goal percentage of no less than 20
299    percent for all labor hours performed annually by Priority Workers on the total of Covered
300    Projects for the year. Annual percentage rates will be measured January 1  December 31 of each
301    applicable year. 
302 
303            D. In order to meet the percentage of labor hours to be performed by Priority Workers,
304    the Designee shall require Contractors and Dispatch under a PLA to seek to employ a Priority
305    Worker who is a resident of an Economically Distressed Area in King County, and then workers
306    from any other Economically Distressed Areas as needed to meet the percentage labor hours to
307    be performed by Priority Workers. The specific process by which Contractors, Dispatch, and the
308    Port of Seattle Job Coordinator(s) will collaborate in order to facilitate the hiring of Priority
309    Workers shall be established by the Designee. 
310 
311            E. For Covered Projects, the Designee shall ensure the availability of a Jobs Coordinator(s) 
312    to perform the following functions: maintain a database of pre-qualified Priority Workers for
313    referral to work on a Covered Project; network with various work source centers, community,
314    non-profit and faith-based organizations to facilitate the identification of Priority Workers; and
315    facilitate referral and coordination around training and employment of Priority Workers between
316    Contractors, Unions, and training programs. In addition, the Designee shall explore development
317    of a third party to manage regional Priority Hire efforts. 
318 

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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
319            F. Per Resolution 3725, as amended, contracts $1 million in value or greater requires
320    apprenticeship utilization goals. The goal is no less than 15 percent of all contract labor hours
321    are to be performed by apprentices. 
322 
323            (1) For individual projects, the Designee will determine the apprenticeship utilization
324               goal and may consider such factors as project size, project duration, labor hours
325               anticipated for the project, skills required, the likely crafts required for the project,
326               historic utilization rates and apprentice availability. 
327 
328            (2) The Designee shall establish aspirational percentage goals for apprentices who are
329               women and people of color using similar factors. Contractors may be allowed to
330               offer utilization below the aspirational percentage goals by substituting other efforts
331               to meet the intent of building a trained construction workforce for a portion of the
332               utilization percentages for women and people of color. 
333 
334            G. When determining whether the percentage of Priority Hire requirements has been
335    achieved, the Designee shall exclude from the calculation labor hours performed by residents of
336    states other than the state of Washington. The Designee shall track labor hours performed by
337    residents of states other than the state of Washington and shall review this percentage
338    annually with the previously established Regional Public Owners Group and any future regional
339    Priority Hire advisory committee that may be established under an agreement with one or
340    more other government entities with Priority Hire programs. 
341 
342            H. Per Resolution 3725, as amended, the Designee shall support the inclusion of Priority
343    Hire provisions in the PLA standard language to be approved by the Commission Projects and
344    Procurement Committee. In furthering Resolution 3725, as amended, Port staff will seek an
345    agreement with regional partners to develop a framework to achieve operational efficiencies 
346    through uniform Priority Hire requirements and by sharing Priority Hire resources and data and
347    advancing workforce development efforts. 
348            I. The Port shall review and recommend how the intent of Priority Hire can be
349    implemented throughout the Port beyond the Covered Projects, including future leases,
350    concession agreements, and procurement contracts by September 1, 2018. 
351 
352    SECTION 6. Program Evaluation. 
353 
354            A. The Designee shall establish benchmarks and metrics to evaluate the program, such as
355    project costs; completion times, workplace safety; utilization rates and graduation rates of
356    Priority Workers, women and people of color from pre-apprentice and apprentice training
357    programs; and changes in the amount of contracting dollars paid to Small Business and Women
358    and Minority Business Enterprises (WMBE) firms working on Covered Projects and the number of
359    Small Business and WMBE firms under contract. 
360 

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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
361            B. Port efforts in pursuit of the objectives of this Policy Directive will be incorporated into
362    the Port's Long Range Plan (LRP) to the fullest extent reasonable, including incorporation into the
363    LRP scorecards, reports, and LRP updates. Further, the Designee shall prepare and publish an 
364    annual report each year titled Apprenticeship and Priority Hire Annual Report. 
365 
366    The report shall include, but not be limited to the following: 
367 
368            (1) The number and kinds of construction projects and contracts on which apprenticeship
369               and Priority Hire requirements were established; 
370            (2) The percentage of labor hours actually worked by apprentices and Priority Workers on
371               each such project and the total number of labor hours on each project; 
372            (3) The number of apprentices and Priority Workers by contractor broken down by trade
373               and craft category, the wages paid by category of work or trade, the number and
374               percentage of women and people of color utilized as apprentices and Priority Workers
375               and the degree of compliance with the percentage requirements and aspirational
376               goals to be established under this Policy Directive; 
377            (4) The number of apprentices and Priority Workers per Port dollar spent on the program; 
378            (5) A description of problems encountered in the implementation of the program; 
379            (6) A description of barriers encountered by participating apprentices and Priority
380               Workers and steps taken to resolve those problems and to ensure their continued
381               participation in the program; 
382 
383            C. The Commission, Executive Director, and Designee will review program results annually
384    as part of the LRP update to determine if the program should be expanded or amended by
385    increasing or decreasing requirements and aspirational goals. 
386 
387    SECTION 7. Fiscal Implications. 
388 
389    This Policy Directive has fiscal implications as funding and staffing requirements will be needed to
390    implement the Priority Hire program. Fiscal implications will be reviewed by the Designee
391    annually, at a minimum, to determine if additional funding and/or resources are required and
392    shall submit a budget request, as appropriate. 
393 
394    SECTION 8. Research Findings 
395 
396    Based  on  studies  commissioned  by  the  City  of  Seattle  and  King  County  and  their
397    implementation  of  Priority  Hire  programs,  and  numerous  public  discussions,  the  Port
398    Commission finds that it is in the Port's and the public's best interest to increase the supply of
399    qualified  construction  workers,  particularly  those  historically  underrepresented  in  the
400    construction industry, including those who live in Economically Distressed Areas in King County 
401    and also within that group, women and people of color. 
402 

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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
403            A. In January 2015, following the positive results of a pilot program on the Elliott Bay
404    Seawall project, the City of Seattle adopted Ordinance No. 124690, an Ordinance relating to 
405    establishing a Priority Hire policy to ensure better access to training programs and well-paying
406    construction jobs for local workers, as well as to increase the diversity of the workforce on City
407    projects. 
408 
409            B. The City implemented the Priority Hire Ordinance through a Community Workforce
410    Agreement (CWA) between the City and the building trade labor unions, and that agreement
411    requires that prime contractors on City public works construction projects of $5 million or
412    more, must ensure that a certain percent of project labor hours are performed by workers
413    living in Economically Distressed Areas of Seattle and King County. 
414 
415            C. In May 2016, the King County Executive directed county agencies to implement a
416    Priority Hire pilot program that prioritized economically disadvantaged local workers for
417    inclusion on large King County capital construction projects. King County is considering a
418    permanent Priority Hire program implemented through a CWA. 
419 
420            D. Based on studies commissioned by the City of Seattle and King County and their
421    implementation  of  Priority  Hire  programs,  and  numerous  public  discussions,  the  Port
422    Commission finds that it is in the Port's and the public's best interest to increase the supply of
423    qualified  construction  workers,  particularly  those  historically  underrepresented  in  the
424    construction industry, including women, racial minorities, and those who live in Economically
425    Distressed Areas of Seattle and King County. 
426 
427            E. King County completed a study in January 2016 documenting a widening gap between
428    the demand for construction labor and the supply of skilled trade workers in the regional labor
429    market for King County and other public entities. The gap reinforces the urgent need for
430    developing a strategy to address the current and projected workforce shortages. The study also
431    used economic data involving poverty levels, employment and educational attainment to
432    determine Economically Distressed Areas, which are identified by zip code. 
433 
434            F. King County completed The Construction Workforce Analysis in December 2016 and
435    found that the county may reasonably anticipate a reduced surplus of qualified labor and possible
436    labor shortages in certain construction trades by 2020. That is the result of a projected shortfall
437    forecast between demand and supply of four thousand six hundred thirty [4,630] workers by
438    2020. The county is concerned that these labor shortages will increase reliance on out-of-state
439    construction  workers  and  that  the  demand  for  new  construction  workers  may  increase
440    construction costs on the county's public works projects unless the county supports efforts to
441    increase the supply of trained apprentices and journey level workers for local public works
442    projects. 
443 
444            The analysis also found that 81 percent of the construction workforce in King County in
445    2016 were white males, while 19 percent were people of color and women. Representation of

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Item No. 8c, Attachment B 
Meeting Date: March 27, 2018 
446    women and people of color is higher among new entrants to the labor force through
447    apprenticeships and accredited certificates of completion, such as those received for completing
448    a pre-apprenticeship program. However, according to the analysis, women and people of color
449    also have lower rates of apprenticeship completion than do their white male counterparts. 
450 
451            G.  The  City  of  Seattle  commissioned  the  Construction  Industry  Labor  Market
452    Assessment, which found that women, irrespective of race, are underrepresented in the
453    construction industry. Between 2009 and 2013, 10 percent fewer women finished their
454    apprentice training program than males. The assessment also found that between 2009 and
455    2013, 14 percent fewer racial minority apprentices finished their apprentice training program
456    than white apprentices. In addition, it also found that underrepresented workers face barriers
457    to completing apprentice training. Between 2009 and 2013, 65 percent of the racial minorities
458    exiting apprenticeships did not complete the programs compared to 51 percent of the white
459    apprentices who failed to complete the program. During that same time period, 65 percent of
460    all women, irrespective of race, failed to complete their programs compared to 55 percent of all
461    men. 
462 
463            H. The City of Seattle has found that Priority Hire effectively and successfully increases
464    diversity on City construction projects. The share of labor hours between November 2013 and
465    April 2017 saw an increase of 233 percent in rate of hours performed by workers living in
466    Seattle's economically distressed zones. In addition, it saw an over 300 percent increase in rate of
467    hours performed by apprentice women and 200 percent increase in rate of hours performed by
468    African Americans. 
469 
470            I. A PLA is an effective tool to manage public works projects when reducing the risk of
471    project delays and reducing the potential of labor disruptions and labor shortages. 
472 
473            J. Priority Hire is an effective tool to create local jobs, enhance workforce diversity, and
474    improve overall working conditions. 







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