PORT OF SEATTLE 
MEMORANDUM 

COMMISSION AGENDA             Item No.      9b 
Date of Meeting    October 27, 2009 
DATE:    October 16 2009 
TO:      Tay Yoshitani, Chief Executive Officer 
FROM:    Stephanie Jones Stebbins, Senior Manager, Seaport Environmental Programs 
SUBJECT:  Cruise Vessel Biomass Management Study, Phase 1A 
BACKGROUND 
Biomass 
This biomass study was conducted in response to a Commission motion made in February 2007,
directing staff to work with other stakeholders to look at cruise waste and cruise biomass. In
April 2007, the King County Council passed a complementary motion that directed the King
County Wastewater Treatment Division to work cooperatively with the Port of Seattle and other
affected agencies to study the potential for processing marine cruise industry-generated
wastewater through the county's wastewater treatment system. Port staff worked with the County
to produce the report titled "Cruise Ship Wastewater Management Report." The focus of the
King County study was on cruise vessel wastewater, not on biomass.
Following the completion of that study, Port staff refocused on the issue of cruise ship biomass.
This Phase 1 Report summarizes the current state of knowledge through a review of existing
reports and data. In addition, treatment vendors and cruise ship operators were surveyed to
determine how waste was currently being treated and handled by the vessels. A questionnaire
was sent to the Port's cruise line customers to gather specific information about types of
treatment systems employed, disposal practices, and vessel information including storage
capacity specific to the individual vessels. This report concludes with an initial assessment of the
feasibility of onboard and dockside infrastructure and terminal operations to perform biomass
offloading. This assessment is based on the professional experience of Port staff, the consultant
team hired to conduct the study, and their collective knowledge of cruise facilities at Pier 66 and
Pier 91 and the cruise vessel system infrastructure. 
A draft report was reviewed by a stakeholder group, including the Northwest Cruise Ship
Association (NWCA), individual member Cruise Lines, the Department of Ecology, (DOE) and
several environmental interest groups including Friends of the Earth, People for Puget Sound and
the Surfrider Alliance. 
Based on the data compiled for this report, the following conclusions have been drawn: 
There is currently no single viable option for managing biomass created on board Seattle-
based cruise ships. 
Biomass capacity on board cruise vessels ranges from three days to one week, with two
ships having a full-week capacity.

COMMISSION AGENDA 
Tay Yoshitani, Chief Executive Officer 
October 16, 2009 
Page 2 of 2 

While biomass is pumpable and could be transferred on shore, there are significant shore-
side challenges that would have to be overcome to accomplish this. 
On shore transfer would have significant impacts to pier-side operations. The extent of
these impacts would vary by vessel, dock facility, volume of biomass to discharge, and
method chosen to transfer to shore facilities. Trucking biomass from a vessel to a nearby
treatment plant would add an estimated 1500 trucks to the vicinity of Pier 66 and
Terminal 91 during each summer cruise season. 
An alternative to the on shore transfer option would be to discharge to a marine barge.
The most significant challenge with this option would be synchronization of the off shore
transfer of biomass with vessel fueling, which is also done from marine barges, generally
through a common break in the vessel hull. 
Prior to making the significant investment anticipated for a changed mechanism for managing
biomass, the Port of Seattle would have to first invest in an additional study associated with the
feasibility and cost of vessel retrofits as well as whether there are environmental benefits to offloading
biomass at the Port of Seattle. Cost of the study to-date is $38,855 and approximately
two hundred hours of staff time. 
Staff does not recommend pursuing this issue  further at this point. We make  this
recommendation for these reasons: 
Currently biomass is either incinerated or discharged 12 miles off shore, in international
waters, moving at least 6 knots. Ascertaining the net environmental benefit or impact of
handling biomass in alternative ways would take significant resources. Offloading this
biomass at the Port of Seattle might reduce environmental impact in the North Pacific
Ocean; or it also may merely shift the environmental impact. Sorting the impacts and
benefits out would take resources and budget money. 
No biomass is being discharged either in Puget Sound or even in Washington State
waters.  Port environmental staff resources are extremely constrained and there is
significant effort needed in Puget Sound. Staff recommends we focus on Puget Sound
issues. 
The current practice is in compliance with all international, federal, state and local laws
and regulations. Finally, even if we were to determine that handling biomass in
alternative ways was beneficial, it is questionable whether we have the authority to
require off-loading of biomass. 
Staff believes that this recommendation is consistent with the "Green Port Principles"
recommended by the Century Agenda Panel.